University Institutes of Computing

Bachelor of Computer Application

Software Testing(CAT-354)
Prepared by: Pooja Sharma(E11735)
-Assistant Professor

SOFTWARE TESTING DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)
 UNIT 2

Approaches to Testing: Static

SOFTWARE Testing: Structured Group
Examinations, Static Analysis, Control
TESTING flow & Data flow, Determining
Metrics.
Course Outcome Dynamic Testing: Black Box Testing
CO Title Level (Equivalence Class Partitioning,
Number Boundary Value Analysis, Cause
CO1 Remember
Able to understand the fundamental concepts of software testing.
Effect Graphing and Decision Table
Technique), White Box Testing
CO2 Understand (Statement Coverage, Branch
Will able to analyse the different approaches of testing.
Coverage, Test of Conditions, Path
CO3 Understand Coverage), Gray Box Testing, Intuitive
Will understand the test management and different test strategies..
and Experience Based Testing.
.

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 SCHEME
Bachelor of Computer Applications Semester – VI (2018-21)

Subject Code Title L T P S Credits

CAT-351 MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 3 0 0 0 3

CAT-352 MICROPROCESSOR AND INTERFACING 3 0 0 0 3

CA*-*** ELECTIVE – II 3 0 0 0 3

CA*-*** ELECTIVE – II LAB 0 0 4 0 2

CAT-354 SOFTWARE TESTING 3 0 0 0 3

CAP-355 MOBILE APPLICATION 0 0 4 0 2

DEVELOPMENTLAB

CAP-356 MICROPROCESSOR AND INTERFACING 0 0 4 0 2

LAB

CAR-357 MAJOR PROJECT 0 0 0 8 4

CAY-360 MOOCS 0 0 0 24 12*

Total 22

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 SCHEME

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 SYLLABUS
Unit-I
• Fundamentals of Testing: Human and errors, Testing and Debugging, Software Quality,
Requirement Behavior and Correctness, Fundamentals of Test Process, Psychology of Testing,
General Principles of Testing, Test Metrics, Test Levels (Unit, Component, Module, Integration,
System, Acceptance, Generic).

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 SYLLABUS
Unit-II
• Approaches to Testing: Static Testing: Structured Group Examinations, Static Analysis, Control
flow & Data flow, Determining Metrics.
• Dynamic Testing: Black Box Testing (Equivalence Class Partitioning, Boundary Value Analysis,
Cause Effect Graphing and Decision Table Technique), White Box Testing (Statement Coverage,
Branch Coverage, Test of Conditions, Path Coverage), Gray Box Testing, Intuitive and Experience
Based Testing.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 SYLLABUS
Unit-III
• Test Management: Test Organization, Test teams, tasks and Qualifications, Test Planning, Quality
Assurance Plan, Test Plan, Prioritization Plan, Test Exit Criteria, Cost and economy Aspects.
• Test Strategies: Preventive: versus Reactive Approach, Analytical versus heuristic Approach
• Test Activity Management, Incident Management, Configuration Management, Test Progress
Monitoring and Control.
• Specialized Testing: Performance, Load and Stress Testing.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

Static Testing
• Static Testing is a type of a Software Testing method which is
performed to check the defects in software without actually
executing the code of the software application. Whereas in
Dynamic Testing checks the code is executed to detect the defects.
• Static testing is performed in early stage of development to avoid
errors as it is easier to find sources of failures and it can be fixed
easily. The errors that can’t not be found using Dynamic Testing,
can be easily found by Static Testing.
• There are mainly two type techniques used in Static Testing:
Structured Group Examinations

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 Static Testing

• 1. Review:
In static testing review is a process or technique that is performed to
find the potential defects in the design of the software. It is process to
detect and remove errors and defects in the different supporting
documents like software requirements specifications. People examine
the documents and sorted out errors, redundancies and ambiguities.
Review is of four types:
• Informal:
• In informal review the creator of the documents put the contents in
front of audience and everyone gives their opinion and thus defects are
identified in the early stage.
• Walkthrough:
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Static Testing
• Peer review:
• Peer review means checking documents of one-another to detect and fix
the defects. It is basically done in a team of colleagues.
• Inspection:
• Inspection is basically the verification of document the higher authority
like the verification of software requirement specifications (SRS).
• 2. Static Analysis:
Static Analysis includes the evaluation of the code quality that is written
by developers. Different tools are used to do the analysis of the code
and comparison of the same with the standard.
It also helps in following identification of following defects:
• (a) Unused variables (b) Dead
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code (c) Infinite loops (d) Variable with
Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)
 Static Testing

• Static Analysis is of three types:

• Data Flow:
Data flow is related to the stream processing.
• Control Flow:
Control flow is basically how the statements or instructions are
executed.
• Cyclomatic Complexity:
Cyclomatic complexity is the measurement of the complexity of the
program that is basically related to the number of independent paths in
the control flow graph of the program.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 Static analysis (static code analysis)
• Static analysis, also called static code analysis, is a method of
computer program debugging that is done by examining the code
without executing the program. The process provides an
understanding of the code structure and can help ensure that the code
adheres to industry standards. Static analysis is used in software
engineering by software development and quality assurance teams.
Automated tools can assist programmers and developers in carrying
out static analysis. The software will scan all code in a project to check
for vulnerabilities while validating the code.
• Static analysis is generally good at finding coding issues such as:
• Programming errors
• Coding standard violationsPrepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)
14/02/2024
Types of static analysis
• There are several static analysis methods an organization could use,
which include:
• Control analysis -- focuses on the control flow in a calling structure.
For example, a control flow could be a process, function, method or in
a subroutine.
• Data analysis -- makes sure defined data is properly used while also
making sure data objects are properly operating.
• Fault/failure analysis -- analyzes faults and failures in model
components.
• Interface analysis -- verifies simulations to check the code and makes
sure the interface fits into the
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Prepared and simulation.
By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)
Benefits of static analysis
• It can evaluate all the code in an application, increasing code quality.
• It provides speed in using automated tools compared to manual code
review
• Paired with normal testing methods, static testing allows for more
depth into debugging code.
• Automated tools are less prone to human error.
• It will increase the likelihood of finding vulnerabilities in the code,
increasing web or application security.
• It can be done in an offline development environment.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

Drawbacks
• Static analysis comes with some drawbacks. For example,
organizations should stay aware of the following:
• False positives can be detected.
• A tool might not indicate what the defect is if there is a defect in the
code.
• Not all coding rules can always be followed
• Static analysis may take more time than comparable methods.
• Static analysis can't detect how a function will execute.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

Reviews
• Review, Static analysis and Dynamic testing are the different testing
techniques used to find different types of defects effectively and
efficiently. Static techniques find causes of defects whereas dynamic
testing finds the failure itself.
• Review is a way of static testing technique done before dynamic
testing. Review is manual examination of software work product
(including code) without execution of software and make comments
about it. Review is mostly a manual activity but there is some tool
support also.
Review can be performed on any of the software works like
requirement specification, design specification, code, test plans, test
specification, test cases, testPrepared
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By:- Pooja user
Sharma(AP)guides or web pages.
FAQ’S
• What is Software Testing?
• How testing plays an important Role in Software Testing
• Differentiate between defect and failure?
• What is relation between fault, defect and failure.

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Text Books: -
• Software Testing by Ron Patton, Sams.
• Software Quality Assurance, by Daniel Galin, Pearson Education.
• Foundations of Software Testing by Aditya P Mathur, Pearson Education.
• Reference Books: -
• Testing and Quality Assurance for Component-based Software, by Gao, Tsao
and Wu Artech House Publishers.
• Handbook of Software Quality Assurance, by G. Gordon Schulmeyer, JamesI.
McManus, Second Edition, International Thomson Computer Press.
• Software Quality, by Mordechai Ben-Menachem/Garry S. Marliss, by Thomson
Learning publication.
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 ASSESSMENT
• Element 1 (Quiz) 12 Marks
• Element 2 (Surprise Test) 09 Marks
• Element 3 (Assignment) 12 Marks
• Element 4 (Tutorials/ Presentation) 09 Marks

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)

 THANK YOU

For queries
Email: Pooja.e11735@cumail.in

14/02/2024 Prepared By:- Pooja Sharma(AP)