Overview Amendment UBBL 2021

Seminar on
Uniform Building By-Law 1984
(Amendment 2021)

By Dato’ Edwin Galan Teruki

1 NOVEMBER 2022
PULAU PINANG

1
 1 Definition of Fire Safety

2
Design Principle for Fire Safety

CONTENT OF
Amendment Uniform Building By-Laws
SLIDE 3
1984 (amendment 2021)
PRESENTATION
4 Plan Approval by FRDM

5 Conclusion

2

Fire breaks out at Thai-
invested Long Son
petrochemical complex
By Thai Ha
Sat, September 10, 2022 | 9:45
pm GTM+7
A fire broke out Saturday
afternoon at the Long Son
Petrochemicals Complex in Vung
Tau town, southern Vietnam,
during a test run.
THE COMPLIANCE OF FIRE SAFETY DESIGN IN
Fire at High Rise at China Video 2022-09-16 at 5.55.53 PM.mp4“
Fri 16 Sep 2022 13.32 BST
A fire engulfed a skyscraper in the central Chinese city of Changsha, with authorities saying
that no casualties had yet been found. The blaze broke out in a 42-floor building housing an
office of the state-owned telecommunications company China Telecom, according to the state
broadcaster CCTV. The 218-metre (715ft) building, completed in 2000, is located near a major
ring road.
Deadly fires are common in China, where lack enforcement of building codes and rampant
unauthorised construction can make it difficult for people to flee burning buildings.
In July last year, a warehouse fire in north-eastern Jilin province killed at least 15 people and
injured at least 25, according to state media reports.
The month before that, a fire killed 18 people – mostly children – at a martial arts school in
central Henan province, causing an uproar over fire safety standards.
A further two dozen people died in blazes in Beijing’s migrant neighbourhoods in 2017, while
58 perished when a fire swept through a 28-storey Shanghai housing block in 2010.
Source from The Guardian
BUILDINGS BASED ON
UBBL 1984
3
4
 (1) DEFINITION OF FIRE SAFETY

• Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the
likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert
those in a structure to the presence of an uncontrolled fire in the event one
occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive in and evacuate
from affected areas, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire.
• Fire safety measures include those that are planned during the construction
of a building or implemented in structures that are already standing, and
those that are taught to occupants of the building.
• Threats to fire safety are referred to as fire hazards..
• Fire Safety - adoption of or adherence to measures intended to minimize
the risk of harm from accidental fires; safety from danger or injury in the event
of a fire (Oxford Dictionary)

• Fire Safety refers to fire prevention, limiting the spread of fire and smoke,
extinguishing a fire and the chance of a quick and safe exit. (NFPA 101)
• Designing for fire safety in construction can be a complex subject.

5
• Historically fire safety design of buildings has been seen as a
constraint to innovative design.
• Many innovative building designs now utilise fire safety
engineering rather than having to rely solely on functional-
based codes.
• This approach can enable architects to achieve innovative cost-
effective designs while meeting fire safety design needs.
• As buildings become more complex and architects push the
design envelope ever further, it is vital to consider fire safety
implications of new buildings or other construction or
refurbishment projects at the concept design stage.

6
 (2) DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR FIRE SAFETY

 Successful fire safety design requires an understanding of a wide range of issues and components, and the
interactions between them such as, fire source, smoke movement, heat transfer to the building
structure, detection, human behavior and toxicity.
 Project design and implementation, including:
• Regulations compliance (UBBL 1984 including Standard-Standard)
• Risk assessments
• Fire Safety Installation (FSI) and structural fire precautions
• Materials performance
• Fire detection and suppression
• Heat transfer to the structure
• Smoke movement and toxicity, and smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems
• People – movement and egress modelling, and means of escape
 We can help you to incorporate the latest fire safety design principles into you building projects without
impacting adversely on the function or appearance of the building. 7
 Objective of Fire Safety In Building

1 2 3 4
Environmental
Life Safety Property Protection Business Continuity
Protection

8
 Means of Escape
• Standard of means of escape basic principles
 Sufficient escape routes from all parts of the building, to enables persons to move away from danger in a direction that
can ultimately lead to a place of safety that is outside the building;

 The escape routes should be sufficient in number and width to avoid a possibility of congestion;

 The distance that persons may have to move to reach either a place of safety outside the building, or a place of relative
safety inside the building, cannot be unrestricted;

 Any part of the building that provides an area of relative safety should be adequately protected from the effects of fire,
to enable it to safety used for escape for as long as it might be needed for that purpose;

 Any escape route that is outside the building needs to be adequately protected from the effects of the fire in the
building;

 Escape routes and exits should be clearly recognisable by strangers, and sufficiently lit, to enable to be safety used for
escape. 9
 Basic parameters Means of Escape

PEOPLE CHARACTERISTICS BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS STAGES OF ESCAPE

• Awareness • Height or depth • The unprotected part
• Familiarity • Its shape and size, and • The protected part
• Ability • The degree to which it
• Disabled persons is compartmented

10
 Part VII : FIRE SAFETY INSTALLATION (FSI)
REQUIREMENTS
A. Means of Escape
Horizontal escape routes Vertical escape routes Others Relevant Matters

1) Storey exits 1) Stairs 1) Finals exits

2) Number of escape routes and
exits
3) Travel distance
4) Direct distance
5) Travel speed
6) Variations of travel distances
7) Width of escape routes and exits
8) Width of exits
9) Open storey planning
10) Open spatial
11) corridors
12) Protected corridors
13) Dead end corridors
14) Protected lobbies
15) Access to storey exits
2) Unprotected stairs 2) Protection of escape routes
3) Protected stairways 3) Escape time
4) Number and siting of protected 4) Lift and escalators
5) Doors forming exits on escape
stairways
5) Width of stairs routes
6) Calculations of stair width 6) Fire Doors
7) Mode of evacuation 7) Smoke control and ventilations of
8) Phased evacuation escape routes
9) Basement stairs 8) Protected stairways
10) External escape stairs and external 9) Pressurisations
routes 10) Automatic extinguishing systems
11) Contents of protected stairways. 11) Automatic fire detection and alarm
systems
11
 Components of Means of Escape

• Travel Distance
1. • Dead End 7th Schedule
Exit • Corridor Dead End Limit for residential
Acces buildings not more than 10M
s

• Exit Door- Location, Fire Rated, numbers (based on

occupant load)
• Protected Staircase- Numbers (based on occupants
load)
2.Exit • Fire Fighting Staircase
• Fire Fighting Access Lobby

3.Fin • Location of final discharge-Out side of building

al
Disch
arge

12
FINAL EXIT IS LOCATED AT THE 2ND
FLOOR AND MUST PASS THROUGH DEAD END LIMIT FOR OFFICE MORE THAN 15M
CAR RAMP
TO REACH GROUND FLOOR

Ramp
kereta

Final Exit at 2nd

Final Exit at 2nd
floor
floor

13
 Part VII : FIRE SAFETY INSTALLATION (FSI) REQUIREMENTS
B. Internal fire growth and linings

1) Ignitions and noncombustibility

Principles : control on the
combustibility and
flame spread
characteristic of linings is
to reduce their
contribution to a fire and
in the event of them
being involved in a fire, to
reduce their contribution
to spread.
2) Materials of limited combustibility
3) Spread of flame and fire propagation
4) Limited areas of walls
5) Ceiling and rooflights
6) Thermoplastics materials
7) Floor coverings
8) Furniture and fittings
9) Smoke production

14
 Part VII : FIRE SAFETY INSTALLATION (FSI)
REQUIREMENTS
C. Internal Fire Spread and structural fire protection
1) Fire grading and purpose groups;
2) Fire resistance and elements of
structure;
• the building will not collapse or become 3) Loadbearing elements
unstable as a result of the fire;
4) Fire separation;
• the fire will be contained within fire
5) Combustible
resisting enclosure, and any opening in
6) Protection of openings;
these will be protected in order to preserve
the integrity of the separating elements; and 7) Concealed spaces;
• spread of fire in hidden voids will be 8) Fire stopping; and
inhibited. 9) Special provisions related to
buildings of some specific users

15
Part VII : FIRE SAFETY INSTALLATION (FSI)
REQUIREMENTS
D. External fire spread
1) Boundaries;
2) Construction of external walls;
Objective :to guard against the possibility of
conflagration due to fire spread from one building to 3) Fire resistance of external
another. walls;
 external wall are constructed to reduce the risk of 4) Flammability at external wall
ignition and fire spread from an external fire, which surfaces
could be from another building; 5) Limited combustibility;
 Openings and other unprotected areas in the sides of
buildings are limited in relation to distance from the 6) Cavities;
boundary to reduce the risk of the fire spreading 7) Space separation and external
from one building to another by heat radiation, and walls;
 Roofs are constructed to reduce the risk of ignition
from a fire in another building, to reduce the risk that
8) Separation or boundary
a burning roof might spread fire to other buildings,
distance;
and to reduce the risk that fire will spread 9) External fire spread involving
dangerously over a roof if it becomes ignited. roofs

16
Part VIII : FIRE ALARM SYSTEM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT SYSTEM
E. Access and facilities for Fire-Fighting

 Vehicular access to the building;

Aim : ensuring speedy and effective firefighting to life  Firefighting shafts
safety and protect property .  Location and number of
firefighting shafts;
 means of external access to enable fire appliances
 Construction of firefighting
to be brought near to the building for effective use;
shafts;
 means of access into and within the building for
 Firefighting stairs;
firefighter to effect rescue and firefighting;
 Firefighting lobbies;
 Fire mains and associated facilities; and
 Fire mains and landing valves;
 means for venting heat and smoke from a basement
fire.  Smoke venting of basements.

17
 Fire Appliance Access Road
1. Minimum
Perimeter
- Based on
8. Turning Volume of
Facility building 2. Width
- T-Turn - Minimum
6m
- Cul-De-Sac

1:9?
7. Overhead
Clearance Fire
3. Load
Capacity Comply?
Appliance
- More than - Minimum
4.5m
Access Road 30 Ton

6. Dead End for 4. Gradient

Access Road -Not
- Not exceeding exceeding
46m 5. Distance from 1:15
Building
- Not less than
2m but not more
than 10m 18
 FSI System 2

Emergency Lighting
• Location
Sprinkler System • Distance
• Location of breeching inlet • Power supply Portable Fire
• Tank (Location, capacity)
• Pump system Extinguisher
• Stages of sprinkler system Location ( Near Exits )
• Sprinkler head and piping -Type (Dry powder, Foam, Gases, etc)
system

2. Hose Reel
Fire Detection and Alarm
Occupant &
Location
-Distance (30m each)
System -Water tank (Location, capacity)

Automatic
• Type (Heat, smoke detector, manual call
- Pump systemLocation -Distance (30m
point) each) -Water tank (Location, capacity)
• Location
- Pump system

Clean Agent CO2 System

• Location
• Location
• Type (FM 200, Pyrogen,
• Calculation of concentration
Halon)
• Calculation of Smoke management
concentration system
• Natural, mechanical, hybrid system
• Location of Inlet and outlet
• Smoke reservoir
• Air changes per hour 19
 FSI system 2

Fire Command Centre

Hydrant (FCC)
- Location • Location
- Distance ( 90m each) • Requirement for compartmentation

Pressurized Hydrant
Water Mist For Fire •
System
Location of breeching inlet
System

• Piping system
Fighters •
•
•
Distance ( 90m )
Tank (Location, capacity)
Pump system
• Tank (Location, capacity)
• Pump system
Foam System
• Monitor point
• Piping system
• Tank (Location, capacity)

Wet Riser Dry Riser • Pump system

• Location of breeching inlet
• Coverage Distance ( 45m )
• Tank (Location, capacity)
• Pump system
• Location of breeching inlet
• Coverage Distance ( 45m )
• Tank (Location, capacity)
• Pump system
20
 Fire Fighting Shaft
Requirement for building more than 18m height

Fire Fighting Access Lobby Fire Fighting Staircase

- Consisting of risers - Directly accessible from outside
- Area not less than 6 m² the building at fire appliance
- Max. coverage distance 45m access level
- Min. 2 hours Fire rated construction
- Must be ventilated naturally or
mechanically

Fire Lift
- Distance between lift core
60m

www.free-powerpoint-templates-design.com
 Bilik apa?

Where fire fighting

staircace and
wet/dry riser?

22
 Ventilation System
5. Smoke Lobby
-The Area of permanent ventilation shall not 1. Large above ground building
be less than 25% of the floor area ( exceeds 1000m² or 7000m³)
-For ventilation by means of openable
Natural ventilation-Smoke vent shall not be less
windows, additional permanent ventilation
than 2.5% of floor area or,
having a free floor area of 464 cm² shall be
provided
Smoke spill- at least 10 air changes per hour

4. Staircase
-The openable area of windows at each upper
storey not less than 5% of the cross sectional
area of staircase
Or
- An openable vent outlet at the top having a
2. Basement ( exceeds
clear area of not less than 1 m² 1000m²)
Natural ventilation-Vent opening shall not be
3. Atrium less than 2.5% of floor area or,
a. Atrium less than 17m or 17,000m³ and less
- Smoke exhaust rate shall be 19 m³/s or 6 air Smoke spill- at least 10 air changes per hour
changes per hour

b. Atrium less than 17m or 17,000m³ and more

-Smoke exhaust rate shall be at a minimum 19 m³/s or
6 air changes per hour
 (3) AMENDMENT OF UBBL 1984

Amendment
1991
For OKU

2007
Introduction CCC

2011
Communication
GAZET
G.N. 5178/84 Uniform Building by-Law 1984
2012
G.N. 10046/1999 amendment 1999 Total amendment
G.N. 22740/2021 amendment 2021 (include 1991, 2007, 2011, 2012)
24
 ENGAGEMENT AND COMMITTEE
Part VII & Part VIII
1 PROFESIONAL PAM, LAM, BEM, IEM, ACEM, IFE

2 GOVERNMENT AGENCY JBPM, JKR, JKT, PEMUDAH, MPC,MTB

3 INDUSTRY REHDA, CIDB, SIRIM, FRIM

4 ACADEMIC UM, UPM

2019 Workshop with committee ( 4 )

22 Feb , 9 April, 23 April & 24 Aug
2020 Workshop with committee ( 3)
5-8 Oct, 3 Nov & 7-9 Dec
Mesyuarat Majlis Negara bagi Kerajaan Tempatan
2021 (MNKT)
5 – 8 April 2021 : Final workshop
13 Jun 2021 : MNKT ke - 78
25
The reason amendment 2021:-

PRACTICE STANDARD NEW POLICY

The lastest
improvement/
innovative of design, New Policy be
The lastest Standard
architecture implement
technologies and
engineering

1 2 3
26
Amendment are include:

a New provision FIRE SAFETY

PART VII: FIRE SAFETY
INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
INSTALLATION
b Substituting the existing provision REQUIREMENTS
Part VIII : FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
AND FIRE ENTINGUISHMENT
SYSTEM

c New Policy or Others Acts

d editorial
73 AMENDMENT
86 AMENDMENT
e Delected
27
 Amendment UBBL 1984 (2021): Part VII & VIII, Schedule
SCHEDULE

SCHEDULE -5 DESIGNATION OF PURPOSE GROUPS

PART VII PART VIII SCHEDULE -7 MAXIMUM TRAVEL DISTANCE

SCHEDULE -8 CLASSIFICATION OF A RESTRICTION OF SPREAD OF

FIRE SAFETY FIRE ALARM SYSTEM FLAME OVER A SURFACE OF THE WALL AND CEILING
AND FIRE
INSTALLATION EXTINGUISHMENT
REQUIREMENTS SYSTEM
SCHEDULE -9 LIMIT OF COMPARTMENTS AND MINIMUM PERIODS
NO. AMENDMENT NO. AMENDMENT
OF FIRE RESISTANCE FRO ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURE.

50 36
SCHEDULE -10 TABLE OF REQUIREMENT FOR THE FIRE ALARM
SYSTEM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT SYSTEM.

SCHEDULE -11 STAIRCASE LANDING WIDTH OR DEPTH

(NEW)

28
 PART VII AND VIII – MAIN AMENDMENT
NO. BY-LAW JUSTIFICATION

UUK 136A: • Use of roller shutter as compartment wall and compartment floor.
Part. VII

1. Use of fire shutters • fire rating, mode of activation and use.

• Accordance to International standard.

• New means of escape eg. fire escape bed lift, refuge area, staircase landing
UUK 224A: Hospital
2. width/depth.
• Accordance to International standard.

NO. BY-LAW JUSTIFICATION

Part. VIII
1. UUK 243B: • New provision, operation Fire Safety Installation (PKK) at fire mode
Fire mode operation operation.

UUK 249:
2.
Smoke control • Requirements for smoke control and area .
CERTIFICATION

G8 G9
Certificate of fire Safety
Certificate of fire Safety
for
for FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
FIRE SAFETY
AND FIRE
INSTALLATION
EXTINGUISHMENT
REQUIREMENTS
SYSTEM(MECHANICAL
(ARCHITECTURAL)
AND ELECTRICAL)

Fire and Rescue Fire and Rescue

Department Malaysia Department Malaysia

30
 (4) PLAN APPROVAL

By-law 245 (1)

Any construction, development or installation of fire
fighting equipment or fire safety installation other than
those conforming to the requirements provided in parts
VII and VIII of these By-Laws shall be submitted to and
approved by the D.G. FRD before the commencement of
work.

By-law 245 (2)

Plans, drawings and calculations of all fire fighting
installations and extinguishers shall be submitted to the
FRD in a manner specified by the D.G.FRD and be
approved before the commencement of work.
31
 STATISTICS FOR PLAN APPROVAL BY FRDM
(2015 – 2018)
Plan Approval for Buildings not Year No. of Plan Approved Rejected %

9,000
with Installed with FSI system Submission
Lulus 2015 10,505 7,424 3,081 29%
7,921 Tolak
8,000 7,703
7,424 7,464 2016 11,454 7,703 3,751 33%
7,000 2017 10,545 7,464 3,081 29%

6,000 2018 10,648 7,921 2,727 26%

5,000
Average Rejection Rate : 30 %
4,000 3,751

3,081 3,081
3,000 2,727

2,000

1,000

0
2015 2016 2017 2018 32
 STATISTICS FOR PLAN APPROVAL BY FRDM
(2015 – 2018)
Plan Approval for Buildings Installed with
FSI System
(ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)
6,000

Lulus
5,081 Tolak Year No. of Plan Approved Rejected %
5,000 Submission
4,630
2015 8,840 5,081 3,759 43
4,122
4,000 3,759 3,751 3,728
3,496 2016 8,381 4,630 3,751 45
3,000
2017 6,618 4,122 2,496 38
2,582
2018 6,310 2,582 3,728 59
2,000

1,000
Average Rejection Rate : 46 %

0
2015 2016 2017 2018 33
 STATISTICS FOR PLAN APPROVAL BY JBPM
(2015 – 2018)
Plan Approval for M&E PLAN Year No. of Approved Rejected %
Submission
3,000 Lulus Tolak 2015 3,875 2,445 1,430
37%
2016 3,946 2,423 1,523
2,512
2,582 39%
2,500 2,445 2,423
2017 3,874 2,512 1,362
35%
2018 4,021 2,582 1,439
36%
2,000

1,523
1,500 1,430 1,439
1,362
Average Rejection Rate : 37 %
1,000

500

0
2015 2016 2017 2018
34
1. Registration of Fire Safety
Contractor.
2. Introduce Fire Safety Code
under Fire Services Act 1988

3. Fire safety
course/class/seminar to
enhance knowledge among FORWARD
PSP. 4.Establish performance rating
system to PSPs PLANNING FOR
IMPROVEMENT
5. Registration of Fire Safety
Installation (FSI)
6. Registration of Fire Safety
Inspector

7. Submission through
e-Premise/ OSC 3+
35
 (5) CONCLUSION

Failure to buildings.
258 (1) In the event of any failure to any building or part of the building, whether in the course of
erection or after completion, the principal submitting person or submitting person who --
(a) submitted the plans, drawings or calculations for such building;
(b) supervised the setting out of such building;
(c) certified that the setting out was carried out in accordance with the approved site plan;
(d) supervised the erection of such building;
(e) certified that the proper supervision of such building as carried out;
shall within one week of the occurrence of such failure or such further period as may be
specified by the local authority within whose jurisdiction such building is situated --
(i) report such failure;
(ii) explain the cause of failure; and
(iii) if such failure occurred during the erection of such building, state the remedial action
taken. 36
 (5) CONCLUSION
Failure to buildings.
(1) Such principal submitting person or submitting person shall submit such further information in such manner and
within such period as may be specified by the local authority.

(2) Where the local authority has reason to believe that a failure to any building or part of a building has occurred which
failure has not been reported to such local authority it shall serve a notice on the principal submitting person or submitting
person who --
(a) submitted the plans, drawings or calculations for such building;
(b) supervised the setting out of such building;
(c) certified that the setting out was carried out in accordance with the approved site plan;
(d) supervised the erection of such building;
(e) certified that proper supervision of such building was carried out;
requiring him within one week of such service to --
(i) state whether such failure occurred.
(ii) explain why he failed to report such failure;
(iii) if such failure occurred during the erection of such building, state the remedial action taken.

37
 (5) CONCLUSION

Failure to buildings.
(4) Any principal submitting person or submitting person who fails to comply with paragraph (1),
(2) or (3) shall be guilty of an offence.

(5) Notwithstanding that any plan, drawing or calculation has been approved by the local
authority, the responsibility for the failure of any building or part of a building shall prima facie lie
with the principal submitting person or submitting person who submitted such plan, drawing or
calculation.

(6) The principal submitting person or submitting person, as the case may be, as mentioned
under paragraph (1)(a) of by-law 2F or paragraph (1)(a) of by-law 7 shall be subject to the same
provision as specified under this by-law.

38
 (5) CONCLUSION

These Amendment UBBL 1984 (amendment 2021) will be enforce on 1 January 2023.

For Fire Safety these amendment will enforce and apply to all Malaysia . Hope Local
Authority will gazette and enforce .

39
 Thank
You
jetsedwin@gmail.com 40