Industrial

Automation
Chamal Jayasinghe
Industrial Automation
• Industrial automation refers to the use of technology and control systems to automate
various industrial processes, such as manufacturing, production, and assembly lines.
Automation systems can include robotics, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), sensors,
and computer software, which work together to control and monitor the production
process.
• The goal of industrial automation is to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality, while
reducing costs and minimizing the risk of errors or accidents. By automating repetitive
and dangerous tasks, companies can improve the working conditions for their employees
and increase their output.
• Industrial automation can be found in a wide range of industries, including automotive,
apparel manufacturing, aerospace, electronics, pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and
many others. It is a rapidly growing field, with new technologies and applications being
developed all the time.
 Automation Systems
• Automation systems refer to the use of technology to perform tasks or processes that
would otherwise require human intervention. These systems typically involve the use
of software, sensors, and machines to automate various aspects of a process, such as
manufacturing, transportation, or information processing. Some examples of
automation systems include:

1.Manufacturing automation: This involves the use of robots and other automated
systems to perform tasks such as assembly, welding, and painting in manufacturing
plants.
2.Transportation automation: This includes automated systems used in vehicles, such as
self-driving cars and trucks, as well as automated systems used in transportation
infrastructure, such as traffic management systems.
Automation Systems Continued….
3.Information processing automation: This includes automated systems used to
process large amounts of data, such as machine learning algorithms and artificial
intelligence systems.

• Automation systems can provide numerous benefits, including increased

efficiency, cost savings, and improved safety. However, they can also have
negative impacts on employment, as they can lead to the displacement of human
workers. Therefore, it is important to carefully consider the potential impacts of
automation systems and to ensure that they are implemented in a responsible and
ethical manner.
Manufacturing
Automation
Transportation
Automation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssZ_8cqfBlE
Information
Processing
Automation

Exercise : Try Google Search , try chatgpt

How Manufacturing Automation Systems work

Inputs Processing Outputs

Closed loop vs Open loop systems
• The main difference
between an open-loop
system and a closed-loop
system is that the closed-
loop system has the
ability to self-correct
while the open-loop
system doesn't.
Consequently, closed-
loop systems are often
called feedback control
systems while open-loop
systems are also known
as non-feedback
controls.
Inputs

The inputs signals for automation

Is taken through sensors or set of
instructions

There are various types of sensors

With various prices and whether
Resistance.

Here are some of the low cost

Sensors usually used with
microcontrollers
 Inputs
• Sensors are in various sizes and shapes

( image : a sensor from James web

telescope )
Processing

There are basically 3 types of processors available.

1. Microcontrollers ( Arduino)
A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific
operation in an embedded system. A typical microcontroller includes a processor,
memory and input/output (I/O) peripherals on a single chip.
2. High level Microcontrollers ( PLC )
A programmable logic controller is a small computer programmed to carry out
specific actions or outputs based on the inputs it receives along with a set of specific
rules.
3. Microprocessors ( Computers )
A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data processing logic and
control is included on a single integrated circuit (IC), or a small number of ICs. The
microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry required to
perform the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU).
Microcontrollers
PLCs ( High level
microcontrollers )
Microprocessors
 Outputs
Outputs can be in various forms.

1. Displays
2. Lights
3. Electric actuators
4. Pneumatic actuators
5. Data senders

Are some of them

The impact of microcontrollers
Today microcontrollers are playing a major role in many applications.
They can be found on different devices.

CCTVs , IOT devices , Small automation applications , etc.

Microcontrollers had made the tasks easier and simpler than analog or
Digital electronic approaches.
 Embroiderino !
A project that can turn a usual sewing machine to an expensive embroidery
machine
Applications of • Everyday thousands of new applications are built around the globe
microcontollers using microcontrollers.
 How to use a microcontroller for your project?

SENSORS? PROCESSORS? ACTUATORS? DISCUSSION……

 Popular
Micro
Controllers
Other technological impacts on textile and
apparel industry.
• Artificial intelligence
• Novel fabrics
• Internet of things (IoT)
• Rapid Data Analysis For Quick Adaptation
• Mobile commerce
• Virtual and augmented reality (VR)
• Online vector editors
• 3D Printing