A N D L I F E S C IE N C E

EA R T H
WEEK 5
 E S I N M I NE R A L
CHANG U R E
ONE N T S A ND T E X T
COM P
O F R O C K
WEEK 5
 LEARNING COMPETENCIES
• THE LEARNERS SHALL:
 DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN ROCKS DUE TO CHANGES IN
PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE (METAMORPHISM) S11/12ES-IC-17
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FORMATION OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
S11/12ES-IC-18
 EXPLAIN HOW THE MOVEMENT OF PLATES LEADS TO THE FORMATION OF FOLDS AND
FAULTS
S11/12ES-ID-22
 DESCRIBE HOW LAYERS OF ROCKS (STRATIFIED ROCKS) ARE FORMED
S11/12ES-IE-25
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
K- DESCRIBE THE CHANGES IN MINERAL COMPONENTS AND
TEXTURE OF ROCKS DUE TO CHANGES IN PRESSURE AND
TEMPERATURE (METAMORPHISM)
S- ANALYZE THROUGH A DIAGRAM ON HOW TEMPERATURE AND
PRESSURE AFFECT THE MINERAL COMPONENTS AND TEXTURE OF
ROCKS

A- APPRECIATE THE IMPORTANCE OF METAMORPHISM IN

NATURAL CYCLE
METAMOR P HI C R O C K
 Metamorphism Map
Complete the concept map about metamorphism by supplying the missing words and
phrase which can be chosen from the box below (key terms)

-form volcano
-Lineation/foliation
-Schist
-Gneiss
-Non-foliated
-fine grain
-hornfels
-marble
Slate
-magma
-pressure
-heat
-quartzite
 *The box on the
left side contains
important words
which may or may
not be associated to
metamorphic
process. Identify
words which are
related to the said
process by choosing
and writing the
words on the
opposite box.
Practical Applications: Give the uses of the following metamorphic rock samples

slate marble

schist
Practical Applications: Give the uses of the following metamorphic rock samples
•Roofing material used in both internal and
•Floor tile external applications
•Countertops ecorative construction material
•Wall cladding Architexture
•Blackboards and writing slates Sculpture, design, agriculture
•Electrical panels and switch boxes landscaping
•Laboratory tabletops
•Billiard tables
•Cemetery markers slate marble
•Whetstones •Building houses or walls, either as a decor
•Tub and shower enclosures ative front or as a structural element
154

•Making roofing tiles and other decorative

objects
53

•Creating jewelry from mica schist, a type

of schist with shiny minerals
12

•Using as a dimension stone, a natural ston

schist e cut to specific sizes or shapes
4

•Manufacturing cement and road aggregate

SUMMARY
 A N D L I F E S C IE N C E
EA R T H
WEEK 5
 E O U S R O C K S :
IG N
WEEK 5
 LEARNING COMPETENCIES
• THE LEARNERS SHALL:
DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN ROCKS DUE TO
CHANGES IN PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE (METAMORPHISM) S11/12ES-IC-17
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FORMATION OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
IGNEOUS ROCKS S11/12ES-IC-18
EXPLAIN HOW THE MOVEMENT OF PLATES LEADS TO THE FORMATION OF
FOLDS AND FAULTS S11/12ES-ID-22
DESCRIBE HOW LAYERS OF ROCKS (STRATIFIED ROCKS) ARE FORMED
S11/12ES-IE-25
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE STUDENTS WILL BE
ABLE TO:
K- DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT TEXTURES OF IGNEOUS
ROCKS;
S- COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FORMATION OF
DIFFERENT TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS;
A- VALUE THE IMPORTANCE OF HOW IGNEOUS ROCK
FORMED
 E O U S R O C K S :
IG N
E Y F OR M E D ?
HOW ARE TH
 WHAT ARE IGNEOUS ROCKS?
-The word igneous is derived from the
Latin word for fire, ignis or ignus.
-These rocks are commonly found in the
surface and beneath the Earth,
specifically in divergent boundaries,
convergent boundaries, subduction
zones and hotspots.
-They differ in the origin, process of
formation, color, density, size of grains,
crystals and many more
HOW ARE IGNEOUS ROCKS FORMED?
-Igneous rocks are formed through
the process of solidification and
crystallization of molten rocks;
magma and lava.
-When hot, molten rocks reach the
surface of the earth, they undergo
changes in temperature and
pressure, causing them to cool,
solidify and crystallize.
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED ON
THEIR FORMATION?
Classified into two:
intrusive and
extrusive
EXAMPLES OF INTRUSIVE ROCKS
EXAMPLES OF EXTRUSIVE ROCKS
EXAMPLES OF INTRUSIVE & EXTRUSIVE ROCKS
FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED
ON SILICA CONTENT

Ultramafic Igneous rock Mafic Igneous rock

FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED
ON SILICA CONTENT

Intermediate Igneous rock Felsic Igneous rock

FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED ON SILICA
CONTENT
FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED ON SILICA
CONTENT
 TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BASED ON TEXTURE

Phaneritic Aphanitic Vesicular

Poryphyritic Glassy Texture
Texture Texture Texture

Rocks have The mineral Rocks have Rocks have 2 Rocks do have
large minerals grains are too many pits from distinct grain obvious
( ex: granite) small to see gas escape sizes, large and minerals
with the (basalt) small (obsidian)
unaided eye (ex: )
(ex: basalt)
 Described ME!
Supply the missing information to complete the table
 Described ME!
Supply the missing information to complete the table
 Concept Map
Supply the needed information using the given terms and phrases related to igneous rocks.
 Individual Activity; Complete ME!
Fill in the blanks with the correct term or phrase.
1. The word igneous is derived from the Latin word ____
for ignis or ignus.
2. Igneous rocks are commonly found in the ___ and ___
the Earth, specifically in divergent boundaries, convergent
boundaries, subduction zones and hotspots.
3. Igneous rocks are formed through the process of ___ and
___ of molten rocks
 Individual Activity; Complete ME!
Fill in the blanks with the correct term or phrase.
4. When hot, molten rocks reach the surface of the earth,
they undergo changes in ___ and ___ causing them to ___,
___, and ___.
5. In terms of formation, igneous rocks can be classified
into two; ___ and ___ rocks.
 R E L E VA N T C L A S S I F Y I N G
HOW S ?
IGNEOU S R O C K
S UM M ARY
 A N D L I F E S C IE N C E
EA R T H
WEEK 5
PRE-ACTIVITY Directions: Name the 7 continents.
Write your answer in your notebook.
1.____
2.____
3.____
4.____
5.____
6.____
7.____
 E M E N T S O F P L A T E S A N D
M OV
FO R M A T IO N O F F O LD S A N D
FAULTS
 LEARNING COMPETENCIES
• THE LEARNERS SHALL:
 DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN ROCKS DUE TO CHANGES IN
PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE (METAMORPHISM) S11/12ES-IC-17
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FORMATION OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
S11/12ES-IC-18
 EXPLAIN HOW THE MOVEMENT OF PLATES LEADS TO THE FORMATION OF FOLDS AND
FAULTS
S11/12ES-ID-22
 DESCRIBE HOW LAYERS OF ROCKS (STRATIFIED ROCKS) ARE FORMED
S11/12ES-IE-25
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
K- DEFINE FOLDS AND FAULTS
S- EXPOUND THREE TYPES OF PLATE MOVEMENT BASED ON PLATE
TECTONICS THEORY USING AN ILLUSTRATION;
A- INFER THE IMPORTANCE OF FOLDS AND FAULTS TO THE
FORMATION OF NEW LAND MASSES.
 E M E N T S O F P L A T E S A N D
M OV
FO R M A T IO N O F F O LD S A N D
FAULTS
Plate Movements
3 types of Tectonic Forces
3 types of Tectonic Forces

Tensional forces
stretch a body and
pulls it apart
3 types of Tectonic Forces

Compressive forces
squeeze and shorten a
body
3 types of Tectonic Forces

Shearing forces
push different parts of a
body in opposite
directions
Fracture
> the pressure and
temperature are low at the Fault is a break in the
Earth’s surface, rocks rock where there is
tend to break or fracture considerable movement
when subjected to on the fracture surface
compressional and while a joint is a break
tensional stresses. where there is no
considerable movement.
 Types of Fault
Dip-slip faults

Strike-slip faults
 Fold
Deep within the crust,
where pressure and
temperature are high,
rocks are plastic-like;
thus, they do not break
but they tend to bend or
fold.
Types
of Fold
Group Activity: Clay Time
Materials Needed:
• Clay or Clay Soil (preferably use
different colors to make layers.)
• Ruler
• Pencil and Paper
 Group Activity: Clay Time
Procedure:
1. Make slabs out of clay 2. Measure the slabs: 2
or Clay Soil (preferably inches length, 1inch width,
use different colors to ½ inch height
make layers.)
 Group Activity: Clay Time

Procedure:
3. Make 9 slabs of clay.

4. Stack the 3 slabs of clay

and make a three pile of
stack clay slabs.
 Group Activity: Clay Time
Procedure:
5. Apply compressional,
tensional, and shear stress on
the slabs of clay.
6. How do the layers move or
look like after applying each
type of stress? Complete and
answer the table below in your
notebook.
W HY D O W E H A V E T O
S TU D Y FA U LT S A N D
F OL D S ?
SU M M ARY