ABORTION AND SYNTHESIS

(PRESENTED BY GROUP 3)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Title
When does a “person-hood”
Page begins.............................................................................................. 3
Who is a person.............................................................................................................................. 4
Does a fetus have a moral status................................................................................................... 5
Ectopic Pregnancy and Anencephalic Infants............................................................................. 6
Care at the beginning of life............................................................................................................ 7
Natural Reproduction.................................................................................................................... 8
Principles in the Reproductive Issue...........................................................................................9-11
Assisted Reproduction....................................................................................................................12
Artificial Insemination.................................................................................................................... 13
Prevention Reproduction...............................................................................................................14
Contraception..................................................................................................................................15
Abortion...........................................................................................................................................16
Types Of Abortion...........................................................................................................................17
• WHEN DOES “PERSON-HOOD” BEGIN?
Determining the commencement of
personhood is a deeply debated topic. Various
perspectives exist, ranging from conception
as the starting point due to the establishment
of unique genetic identity, to viability outside
the womb, or even birth, where capacities for
consciousness and self-awareness may be
considered crucial factors.
 2. WHO IS A PERSON?

Establishing criteria for personhood is

complex. Criteria proposed often revolve
around cognitive abilities, consciousness,
self-awareness, and sentience, while others
consider biological, social, or philosophical
markers. Consensus on a definitive set of
criteria remains elusive due to the diversity of
perspectives.
3. DOES THE FETUS HAVE A MORAL STATUS?

Opinions diverge on the moral status of the

fetus and its entitlement to rights similar to a
person, including the right to life, liberty, and
pursuit of happiness. Ethical considerations
often intersect with legal and constitutional
frameworks, leading to varying
interpretations and conclusions.
 4. ECTOPIC PREGNANCY AND ANENCEPHALIC INFANTS

These cases present unique challenges within the

abortion discourse. Ectopic pregnancies, not viable
and posing serious risks to the pregnant person, often
prompt ethical deliberations balancing the rights of
the pregnant individual and considerations for the
non-viable fetus. Anencephalic infants, born without
parts of the brain and not viable for long, pose
ethical questions about personhood and the extent of
moral obligations toward them.
 CARE AT THE BEGINNING OF LIFE

Life begins at conception, at the moment sperm

fertilizes the egg, the zygote is formed with a genetic
identity distinct from both parents, and another new life
is brought into existence. The human lives are interfered
with by the abuse of human life and human person,
which led to the issue of the beginning of life, in which
the parent(s) and the fetus can’t give its consent or
defend his/her life.
NATURAL REPRODUCTION

It is through conception, where the

sperm fertilizes the egg and the
fertilize egg is implanted, develops,
and grows into the uterus, the baby
will be born after 9 months.
PRINCIPLES IN THE REPRODUCTIVE ISSUE (1/3)
1.Inviolability of life
• From the conception and all subsequent stages is sacred. Abortion or any actions that abuse a
human life is a violation.

2.Stewardship
• Urgical sterility, substitution of reproduction, use of hormones, intra-uterine devices (IUD)
donation of sperm or egg genetic manipulation violates this principle in which a man must
take care, cultivates the creature's innate.

3.Double- Effect
• This is applied into maternal-fetal conflict, removal of diseased organ like in ectopic
pregnancy, anencephalic ifants.
PRINCIPLES IN THE REPRODUCTIVE ISSUE (2/3)

4.Non-maleficience
• Sterilization, hormones psychological harm psychological and financial effect of
new technologies applies to "do no harm, and risk no harm"

5.Beneficence
• Removing diseased organs, facilitating pregnancy, educating on responsible
parenthood applies to "do good and provide a benefit" 6.Respect for Person
PRINCIPLES IN THE REPRODUCTIVE ISSUE (3/3)

6. Respect for Person

• Not to be denatured/destroyed. Artificial methods of reproduction (like: IVF and

AID or AIH), cloning violates this principle.
• To be an end and not a means to an end. This happens in contraceptions,
commodifications of sperm/egg, uterus dysfunction, and embryonic manipulation.
 ASSISTED REPRODUCTION

It is to help an individual to reproduce in the help of artificial methods.

The use of folic acid, sex education, fertility awareness, planning,

fertility drugs or hormones, and other artificial methods that abide the
bioethical principles for reproduction are the examples of assisted
reproduction.
 ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
1. In-vitro fertilization and embryonic transfer
• This not abide the the principles of inviolability of life, stewardship, nonmaleficence,
justice, and respect for person.
2. Cloning
• This violates the inviolability of life, stewardship, nonmaleficence, and respect for
person
3. Human Embryonic Stem Cells
• It violates the nonmaleficence, double-effect, and the respect for person.
 PREVENTION REPRODUCTION

Space pregnancy, health, financial problems, unreadiness, no desire to be

obligated to have children are some of the reasons why other people
prevent to reproduce. There are two ways to prevent reproduction, through
contraceptives and abortion.
 CONTRACEPTION

Tube ligation, vasectomy, oral, parental

hormones, condoms, castration are some
of the contraceptives people can use to
prevent in the creation of new life.
ABORTION

It is the process of terminating

prergnancy, resulting death of a
fetus. It is done through injection
with concentration saline, dilation
and evacuation dilation, hysterotomy,
and vacuum aspiration. This violates
the principles of natural
reproduction.
 TYPES OF ABORTION

Direct - it is kind of abortion that is intentional. Destroying the fetus at any

stage after its conception

Indirect- The death of the fetus is a side effect that is inevitably

unavoidable effect.
THANK
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