COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND PLANE TRIGONOMETRY– AALGTRIG

EDUCATION THE WORKS

Preliminary
Concepts in
Algebra

CAPS
1 Real Numbers
Cris Angelo P. Salonga,LPT
Professor
 Let us create a new look and understanding of the world by going
through the following topics:

1. The Set of Real Numbers

2. Approximations: Rounding and Truncation
3. Order of Operations
Overview

4. Properties of Real Numbers

 At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. understand that rational and irrational numbers are mutually

exclusive and complementary subsets of real numbers,
2. understand the difference between rounding and truncating
decimal values and that the resulting approximations may or may not be
Objectives

equal.
3. learn the order of operations for real numbers., and
4. know and understand the basic properties of real numbers and
the basic rules of algebra.
The Set of Real
Numbers
The Set of Real Numbers

Set

A set is a group or collection of objects that are called

members or elements of the set. If every member of set B
is also a member of set A, then we say B is a subset of A
and denote it as .
The Set of Real Numbers

Real Numbers
Irrational Numbers Rational Numbers
Integers Fractions
Negative Counting
Numbers Whole Numbers

Zero Natural Numbers

The Set of Real Numbers
 The Set of Real Numbers

Classifying Real Numbers

Classify the following real numbers as rational or
irrational:
Example 1

Answer:
Rational:
Irrational:
 The Set of Real Numbers

Classifying Real Numbers

Classify the following real numbers as rational or
irrational:
Your Turn

Answer:
Rational:
Irrational:
Approximations:
Rounding and
Truncation
Approximations: Rounding and Truncation

Truncation is “cutting off” or eliminating everything to

the right of a certain decimal place.

Rounding means looking to the right of the specified

decimal place and making a judgment.
 Approximations: Rounding and Truncation

Approximating Decimals to Two Places

Approximate 17.368204 to two decimal places by
a. truncation b. rounding
Example 2

Answer:
a. 17.36
b. 17.37
 Approximations: Rounding and Truncation

Approximating Decimals to Two Places

Approximate 23.02492 to two decimal places by
a. truncation b. rounding
Your Turn

Answer:
a. 23.02
b. 23.02
 Approximations: Rounding and Truncation

Approximating Decimals to Four Places

Approximate 7.293516 to four decimal places by
a. truncation b. rounding
Example 3

Answer:
a. 7.2935
b. 7.2935
 Approximations: Rounding and Truncation

Approximating Decimals to Two Places

Approximate to four decimal places by
a. truncation b. rounding
Your Turn

Answer:
Order of Operations
Order of Operations
Order of Operations

ORDER OF OPERATIONS (PMDAS)

1. Start with the innermost parentheses (grouping
symbols) and work outward.
2. Perform all indicated multiplications and divisions,
working from left to right.
3. Perform all additions and subtractions, working from
left to right.
 Order of Operations

Simplifying Expressions Using the Correct Order

of Operations
Simplify the expressions.
Example 4
 Order of Operations

Simplifying Expressions Using the Correct Order

of Operations
Simplify the expressions.
Your Turn
 Order of Operations

Simplifying Expressions That Involve Grouping Signs

Using the Correct Order of Operations
Simplify the expressions .
Example 5
Properties of Real
Numbers
(Basic Rules Of Algebra) Properties of Real Numbers
Subtraction and Division Properties of Real Numbers
 Properties of Real Numbers

Using the Distributive Property

Use the distributive property to eliminate the parentheses.
Example 6
 Properties of Real Numbers

Using the Distributive Property

Use the distributive property to eliminate the parentheses.
Your Turn
Properties of Negatives Properties of Real Numbers
 Properties of Real Numbers

Using Properties of Negatives

Eliminate the parentheses and perform the operations.
Example 7
 Properties of Real Numbers

The absolute value of a real number , denoted , is its

magnitude. On a number line this is the distance from the
origin, , to the point.
Absolute Value
 Properties of Real Numbers

Finding the Absolute Value of a Real Number

Evaluate the expressions.
Example 8
 Properties of Real Numbers

Using Properties of Negatives and the Distributive

Property
Eliminate the parentheses .
Example 9
 Properties of Real Numbers

Using Properties of Negatives and the Distributive

Property
Eliminate the parentheses.
Your Turn
Properties of Zero Properties of Real Numbers
Zero Product Property Properties of Real Numbers
Fractional Properties Properties of Real Numbers
 Properties of Real Numbers

Performing Operations with Fractions

Perform the indicated operations involving fractions and
simplify.
Example 10
 Properties of Real Numbers

Performing Operations with Fractions

Perform the indicated operations involving fractions and
simplify.
Your Turn
Thank you for Listening…
END OF PRESENTATION