Internal Combustion Engine

By
Mahir Husain Salmani
Asst. Professor, TMU Moradabad
 IC ENGINE
Introduction 1
Lecture 2
Agenda Points
• Working principle of IC Engine
• Layout of IC Engine
• Basic terminology of IC Engine
• Operating Characteristics
 Working Principle of IC Engine
• Internal combustion engine is based on the
conversion of thermal energy into mechanical
energy.
• Conversion of reciprocating motion into rotary
motion.
• Thermal energy (Heat) supplied to the engine
by burning of fuel.

Combustion Of Fuel Taking Place Inside The

Cylinder. Ex. Petrol Engine, Diesel Engine
And Gas Engine
Four Processes required to
complete one working cycle
• Suction of fuel
• Compression of fuel
• Combustion of fuel
• Exhaust of combustion product from
engine
 Thermodynamic Cycle

• Constant Volume Heat addition:

OTTO Cycle
• Constant Pressure Heat addition:
DIESEL Cycle
and Combined Cycle (DUAL Cycle)
Comparison in SI and CI Engines
Merits and Demerits
Layout of an IC Engine
Components of Engine
Basic Terminology of an IC Engine
Bore
Bottom Dead Centre

Top Dead Centre

Stroke

Compression Ratio

Cylinder Volume

Swept Volume
 Operating Characteristics
Engine speed These characteristics determine the overall
performance and efficiency of an IC engine and are
Load
influenced by various factors, such as engine
Brake power design, fuel quality, and operating conditions.

Brake means effective pressure (BMEP)

These characteristics determine the overall performance and efficiency of an IC
engine and are influenced by various factors, such as engine design, fuel quality,
Volumetric efficiency and operating conditions.

Combustion efficiency
Fuel consumption
Thermal efficiency
Volumetric Efficiency = (Actual Volume of Air Inducted
into the Engine) / (Swept Volume of the Engine) * 100%

B - Brake power in kW
r - Number of revolutions required for each power
stroke (1 for 2 stroke engines; 2 for 4 stroke engines)
n - Number of piston
A - Cylinder Area (m2 )
L - Stroke Length (m)
N – Engine Speed in rev/sec