D I S C I P L I N E O F

COUNSELING
DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Define counseling
• Discuss the application of counseling as a discipline of art and
as a discipline of science.
• Enumerate and discuss the goals, nature and scope of
counseling.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Explain and provide a rationale on the importance of
counseling
• Demonstrate comprehension of the principles of counseling.
• Enumerate and discuss the core values of counseling.
MISCONCEPTIONS
1. A PERSON SEEING A COUNSELOR, A PSYCHOLOGIST, A
PSYCHIATRIST, OR ANY MENTAL HEALTH PRACTITIONER HAS A
MENTAL ILLNESS.

Such is a stigma associated with visiting a mental health

clinic or institution. A person should be able to freely
consult any mental health practitioner.
2. COUNSELING MEANS GIVING ADVICE

• - Professional counselors are trained to avoid giving

advice.
• -Primary goal of the counselor is to assist the client to
identify the factors that contribute to his or her
problem and address them accordingly.
3. COUNSELING IS A PART OF A DISCIPLINE BOARD

• Counselor provides the following assistance to the student

concerned:
a. Facilitate an understanding of the factors that caused him or
her to disobey
b. Reorient the student on school policies
3. COUNSELING IS A PART OF A DISCIPLINE BOARD

c. Recommend seminars or workshops aimed to impart the

characterization of the school values
d. Provide psychological support should the student’s action
merit dismissal
4. A COUNSELOR IS A PROBLEM-SOLVER
- Counselors do not dispense easy solutions to problems.
- Counseling works best through collaboration with the client.
- It is important that a client understands that it is necessary to consider
and weigh identified options to achieve a well-evaluated process of
decision making and smart problem solving.
R E M E M B E R :

Counselor
mental health professional

Counselee
client / patient
R E PGU B L I C A C T 9 2 5 8
UIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACT OF 2004

• An Act Professionalizing the practice of Guidance and

Counseling
• The law states that” No person shall engage in the
practice of guidance and counseling without a valid
Certificate of Registration and a valid Professional
Identification Card or a Special Permit”
GUIDANCE AND
C O N C E P T S
COUNSELING
COUNSELING
an interactive process between the
counselor and the client, which aims to
assist the clients to better understand
themselves and strive for changes to
improve their lives' circumstances.
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
defined by the law as “the profession that involves
the use of an integral approach to the development
of a well-functioning individual primarily by helping
him or her utilize his or her potential to the fullest
and plan his or her present and future in accordance
with his or her abilities, interests, and needs.”
GUIDANCE AND
C O N C E P T S
COUNSELING

COUNSELING IS BOTH AN ART AND A SCIENCE

• A counselor is like an artist who • Counseling is a science as it
can be flexible and creative with practices objectivity and follows
how he or she can reach and relate a proper methodological process.
with his or her client.
THE GOAL OF COUNSELING
ACCORDING TO KOTTLER AND SHEPARD (2007)
the goals that are common to counselors and are essentially indicative of
their professional identity include assisting clients in the following:

1. Plan and work in a constructive 3. Express their uniqueness in diverse

manner in attaining life success;
2. Learn, anticipate, and react
positively to issues brought about by
developmental changes;
circumstances through socially accepted
integration of their thoughts, feelings, and
actions;
4. Respond with resilience to stress and be
able to buffer themselves from its negative
impact on their functioning;
ACCORDING TO KOTTLER AND SHEPARD (2007)
the goals that are common to counselors and are essentially indicative of
their professional identity include assisting clients in the following:

7. Become mindful of the realities of life

5. Develop effective skills in relating and be able to apply effective principles of
with others in order to enhance abilities coping and be able to adjust to the
in establishing harmonious relationships; different experiences they encounter in
6. Increase awareness of the self by life;
identifying their strengths and 8. Learn to seek for more options or
weaknesses; choices to be well-informed before making
a decision; and
9. Achieve autonomy from counseling as
they learn life skills.
THE IMPORTANCE OF COUNSELING
• When you seek and accept the opportunity to consult a counselor, you
discover resiliency and learn to aim for emotional growth.
• With a constructive perspective and reflective understanding of yourself-
your weaknesses and strengths, correct and incorrect responses, and
misaligned understanding of your situation-you earn a broader perspective
and understanding of your situation, you earn a broader perspective and
understanding of your situation.
• Counseling programs aim to provide preventive measure to clients.
WHY CLIENTS NEED TO CONSULT
COUNSELORS?
ACADEMIC DIFFICULTIES
Student’s difficulties in accomplishing various SOCIAL CONCERNS
requirements and meeting the standards of
education. Dealing with rejections, handling peer
pressure, coping with the challenges of
romantic relationships, bullying.
PERSONAL CONCERNS
Involve the difficulties that counselees
encounter in planning and setting their goals,
EMOTIONAL DIFFICULTIES
handling stress, sustaining their motivation, Emotions include dealing with anxiety,
making informed decisions, identifying nervousness, and heartache: coping with
priorities, and solving problems. loneliness due to homesickness and rejection:
managing negative emotions such as depression,
anger, and fear: and attaining emotional stability.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHALLENGES
Persistent suicidal behaviors: managing
some forms of addiction such as smoking,
drinking, and computer gaming: dealing
with eating or sleeping problems and
understanding one’s identity: and handling
painful experiences.
FAMILY PROBLEMS
Involve separation of parents, absence due to
work abroad, single parenting, infidelity of
parents, hostile parenting, favoritism in the
family, pregnancy and parenting, and
unpleasant home environment.

CAREER-RELATED CONCERNS
Career- related concerns include difficulties in identifying one’s strengths
and interests, lack of career goals and plans, uncertainties in job
application, and difficulties with career choices.
PSYCHOTHERAPY
practice of assessing, diagnosing, and treating mental health
problems. If a counselor encounters cases that are beyond his or
her professional expertise, then he or she refers the client to the
other mental health practitioners who have advanced and
specialized training.
THE PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE
COUNSELING
EFFECTIVE COUNSELING
• Your counselor will objectively evaluate your situation, views and
responses.
• Effective counselors exhibit a degree of respect, motivation, and
encouragement that will allow you to gain confidence to act on your
situation.
• Effective counselors will remind you that you are an indispensable
individual whose rights should be respected.
EFFECTIVE COUNSELING
• Client’s feeling of unconditional regard. Counselors will be very
respectful and accepting of your own insights and personal feelings
about your situation. At the same time, your counselor is bound by
the principle of privacy.
• At the same time, your counselor is bound to confidentiality.
THE CORE VALUES OF COUNSELING
CORE VALUES
• Each person is, in essence, naturally pure and good
• The primary role of a counselor is to give support so that the
client will be able to attain autonomy.
• The essential values that will compel and sustain you in doing
this work are love and compassion.
CORE VALUES

4. An effective counselor finds the job’s intrinsic rewards more

interesting than its extrinsic ones.
5. Deal with life through an attitude of gratitude and forgiveness.
THANK YOU