Inclusive Pedagogy :

Teaching strategy and

Techniques of Students With
Learning Disabilities

TSLB3132
Types of Learning
Disabilities
 Types of Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are neurological
disorders that affect how an individual
processes, stores, and communicates
information. There are several types of
learning disabilities:
1. Dyslexia: A learning disability that
affects reading and language
processing. People with dyslexia may
struggle with reading, writing, spelling,
and language comprehension.

;
Types of Learning Disabilities
2. Dyscalculia: A learning disability that affects math processing.
People with dyscalculia may struggle with understanding numerical
concepts, performing basic arithmetic operations, and solving math
problems.

3. Dysgraphia: A learning disability that affects writing and fine motor

skills. People with dysgraphia may struggle with handwriting, spelling,
and organizing their thoughts on paper.
Types of Learning Disabilities
4. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A learning
disability that affects attention, impulse control, and executive
functioning. People with ADHD may have difficulty staying focused,
controlling their impulses, and organizing tasks and information.
5. Auditory Processing Disorder (APD): A learning disability that
affects how the brain processes auditory information. People with APD
may struggle with understanding speech in noisy environments,
following directions, and remembering verbal information.
Types of Learning Disabilities
6. Visual Processing Disorder (VPD): A learning disability that affects
how the brain processes visual information. People with VPD may
struggle with visual-spatial skills, object recognition, and interpreting
visual information.
Diagnosing Learning Disabilities
 Diagnosing Learning
Disabilities:Comprehensive
Evaluation Process
 Referral

Treatment
Screening
planning

Diagnosing Learning
Disabilities:Comprehensiv
e Evaluation Process
Comprehensiv
Diagnosis:
e evaluation

Analysis of
data
Comprehensive Evaluation Process

1. Referral: A child may be referred for a learning disability

evaluation by a teacher, parent, or medical professional if they
are struggling with academic or social skills.

2. Screening: a review of academic and developmental history,

as well as observations of the child's behavior and performance.
Comprehensive Evaluation Process

3. Comprehensive evaluation: A range of assessments to

evaluate cognitive, academic, and social-emotional functioning,
as well as the child’s behaviour and learning style by
professionals.

4. Analysis of data: The team analyzes the data from the

evaluations to determine if the child meets the criteria for a
specific learning disability. They also consider other factors that
may be impacting the child's learning, such as attention or
emotional difficulties.
Comprehensive Evaluation Process
5. Diagnosis: Based on the results of the evaluation, the child
may be diagnosed with a specific learning disability or related
condition, such as ADHD.

6. Treatment planning: Once a diagnosis is made, a treatment

plan is developed to address the child's specific needs. This may
involve accommodations in the classroom, specialized
instruction, therapy, or other interventions.
Teaching Strategies and Techniques for
Students with Learning Disabilities:
 Teaching Strategies and
Techniques for Students With
Learning Disabilities:
Use multi-sensory teaching methods: Use
teaching methods that incorporate different
senses, such as visual aids, hands-on activities,
and interactive games. This can help students
with different learning styles and reinforce
learning.
Provide explicit instruction:
Provide clear and specific
instruction for each step of the
learning process. Break down
tasks into smaller, more
manageable parts to help
students understand and
complete assignments.
Use repetition and reinforcement:
Repetition and reinforcement can
help to reinforce learning and
improve memory. Use visual aids,
hands-on activities, and verbal cues
to reinforce key concepts.
Provide feedback: Provide frequent
feedback to students to help them
understand what they are doing
well and what they need to improve
on. Use specific and positive
feedback to reinforce positive
behaviours and correct errors.
Incorporate assistive technology:
Assistive technology can help
students with learning disabilities
to access information and
participate in class. Examples of
assistive technology include text-
to-speech software, speech-to-
text software, and digital
organizers.
Create a supportive learning
environment: Create a supportive
learning environment that includes
positive reinforcement, support and
guidance, and opportunities for
peer interaction and collaboration.
Use a variety of teaching
methods: Use a variety of
teaching methods, including
lectures, discussions, hands-on
activities, and visual aids, to
keep students engaged and
motivated.
Each learning strategy: Teach students learning
strategies, such as note-taking, summarizing, and
time management, to help them become more
effective learners.
Build on students' strengths:
Build on students' strengths
and interests to help them
stay motivated and engaged
in learning.
Provide accommodations:
Provide accommodations that
help students with learning
disabilities to access the
curriculum and participate in
class, such as extended time on
tests, preferential seating, and
note-taking support.
TUTORIAL
Think of suitable activities and teaching aids that could be used
to teach students with learning disabilities.
1. Dyslexia
2. Dysgraphia
3. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
4. Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)
5. Visual Processing Disorder (VPD)