CE 145 - QUANTITY

SURVEYING

ENGR. MANUEL A. RANGEL JR.

 INTRODUCTION

QUANTITY SURVEYING is an assessment of the cost based on certain

rates of materials and labour.
- the quantification/estimation of works for a construction project
and costing them

QUANTITY SURVEYOR - is a trained person in construction works’

quantification and costing and contract procedures.
 INTRODUCTION

1. Roles of a Quantity Surveyor

a. Prepares the bills of quantities
b. Approximates the estimate of costing in every stages of the formation of
the building project.
c. He plans for the client so that he gets the best value of his/her money for
any construction projects to be carried out ( cost planning)
d. Examines, the tenders and prices of the BOQ and reports his findings to
the architect
 INTRODUCTION

1. Roles of a Quantity Surveyor

e. Negotiates with the contractor the desired amount to pay to him for the
contract
f. Advices the client on the selection of the contractor
g. Values work in progress and recommends payment to be made to the
contractor.( valuation)
h. Advices on financial aspects of the contract valuation( Cost advise)
 INTRODUCTION

1. Roles of a Quantity Surveyor

i. Prepares the final account when the contractor finishes the work
j. He prepares the tender documents
k. Advises on the form of contract
 INTRODUCTION

2. Essentials of a Good Quantity Surveyor

a. He must be able to describe clearly, fully and precisely the requirement of
the designer and arrange the BOQ in such a way that the works can be
quickly and accurately cost.
b. Must be able to write in clear technical language that will not be miss-
understood
c. Must have sound knowledge of the building materials, construction
techniques and of customs prevailing in the industry
 INTRODUCTION

2. Essentials of a Good Quantity Surveyor

d. Must be able to accurately interpret construction drawings
e. Must be careful and accurate in making calculations
f. Must have a systematic and orderly mind to be able to visualize the
drawings and details
 INTRODUCTION

2. Essentials of a Good Quantity Surveyor

g. Must have good knowledge of the construction prices ( to be able to offer cost
advise)
h. Must have ample knowledge of the law of contract
i. Must be competent to conveyor to the person who is to price the BOQ, the
quantity and quality of the materials required and the nature of labour to be
applied during the construction of the structure.
 INTRODUCTION

1. Drawings (Plans) – the basis for quantity take-off

Steps to avoid errors in estimating

a. Look over the drawings and attempt to visualize the work entitled
b. Study the plans If they are in agreement with one another
 INTRODUCTION

Steps to avoid errors in estimating

c. Look over the drawings and attempt to visualize the work entitled
d. Study the plans If they are in agreement with one another
 INTRODUCTION

2. Bill of Materials (BOM) – is a document that outlines all the raw

materials and labor required to build a project or structure, meticulously
detailed in terms of quantities.
 INTRODUCTION

3. Bill of Quantities (BOQ) – a document that lists the total materials

required to complete a construction project. The list includes materials,
labors and equipment. BOQ allow for quick and easy comparison of
contractor proposals.

Advantages:
a. It forms a common basis for competitive tendering which is necessary
to obtain a reasonable value for consideration
 INTRODUCTION

Advantages:
b. It forms in itself a basis of rates for measured work which can be used
in the contract for valuation of variations and final account.
c. It is used in building operations for the completion of interim payments.
 INTRODUCTION

4. Specification
– special description or a particular subject. It contains detailed description
or all workmanship and materials which are required to complete an
engineering project in accordance with its drawings and details.
 INTRODUCTION

Importance of specifications:
a. The cost of the unit quantity of work is governed by its specification.
b. Specifications of work are required to describe the quality and quantity of
different materials required for construction work and are one of the
essential contract documents.
c. It also specifies the workmanship and the method of doing the work. It
serves as a guide to the supervising staff of the contractor as well as to the
owner to execute the work to their satisfaction.
 INTRODUCTION

Importance of specifications:
d. Work is carried out according to its specification and the contractor is
paid for the same. Any changes in specification change the tendered rate.
e. As the rate or work is based on specification, a contractor can calculate
the rates of various items of works in a tender with his procurement rates of
materials and labor.
 INTRODUCTION

f. Specification is necessary to specify equipment, tools and plants to be

engaged for a work and thus enables to procure them beforehand.
g. To verify and check the strength of materials for a work involved in a
project.
h. Specification is an essential contract document and required for
arbitration of court cases.
5. ITEMS OF WORKS IN BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
1. Earthworks 3. Architectural Works
a. Excavation a. Finishes – painting, tiles
b. Backfilling and compaction b. Door and window
c. Grading and compaction c. Roofing
d. Masonry – chb laying, plastering
d. Gravel bedding
4. Plumbing Works
e. Soil poisoning
a. Storm drainage
2. Structural Works
b. Sanitary and sewer line
a. Concreting c. Water distribution line
b. Rebar d. Plumbing fixtures, ST
c. Formworks 5. Electrical Works
d. Steel and metal works
 INTRODUCTION

6. UNIT OF MEASURES - mainly categorized for their nature, shape and size and for making
payments to the contractor and also. The principle of units of measurements normally consists the
following:
a) Single units work like doors, windows, trusses etc., is expressed in numbers.
b) Works consists linear measurements involve length like cornice, fencing, hand rail, bands of
specified width etc., are expressed in lineal meters (lm)
c) Works consists areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions
of specified thickness etc., and are expressed in square meters (m 2)
d) Works consists cubical contents which involve volume like earth work, cement concrete, Masonry
etc are expressed in Cubic metres.
 INTRODUCTION

7. RATE ANALYSIS - is the basis for arriving at a correct and reasonable rate per unit work or supply
for a specific item based on its specification and a detailed survey of materials, labor, equipment, and so
on as required for the unit work and their prevailing rates.

Purpose of Rate Analysis

a. To determine the current rate per unit of an item at the locality
b. To examine the viability of rates offered by contractors
c. To calculate the quantity of materials and labour strength required for the project planning
d. To fix up labour contract rates
 INTRODUCTION

7. RATE ANALYSIS

The price of a work item is composed of the following components, and the sum of these
is the rate per unit of an item.
(a) Material Cost
(b) Labor Costs
(c) The cost of equipment, tools, and plants
(d) Overhead expenses or establishment charges (including incidental)
(e) Profit
 INTRODUCTION

Factors affecting the Rate Analysis:

The cost of a piece of work is primarily determined by the following factors:
(1) Item specification indicating the quality and proportion of materials, method of construction, and work
protection.
(2) The current material rate for the item of work up to the worksite.
(3) Daily wages of various categories of laborers in the area, along with their respective outputs. ;
(4) The range of lead and lift required for material deposition to complete the item or work.
(5) Overhead charge as a percentage, which includes insurance and the possibility of theft or loss, among other
things.
(6) The profit range and water availability in connection with the construction work.
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