NCM: 120

FOUNDATIONS OF
TRANSCULTURAL
NURSING
Chapter 1:
THEORETICAL
FOUNDATION OF
TRANSCULTURA
L NURSING
By: Group 1
WHAT IS TRANSCULTURAL
NURSING?
• The blending of nursing and anthropology
into an area of specialization within the
discipline of nursing.
• TCN is sometimes used interchangeably
with cross-cultural, intercultural, and
multicultural nursing.
WHAT IS TRANSCULTURAL
NURSING?
• Using the concepts of culture and care,
Leininger established TCN as a theory and
evidence-based formal area of study and
practice within nursing that focuses on
people’s culturally based beliefs, attitudes,
values, behaviors, and practices related to
health, illness, healing, and human caring.
WHAT IS THE GOAL OF
TRANSCULTURAL NURSING
(TCN)?
• To develop a scientific and humanistic
body of knowledge in order to provide
culture-specific and culture-universal
nursing care practices for individuals,
families, groups, communities, and
institutions of similar and diverse cultures.
WHAT IS CULTURE
SPECIFIC?
• refers to particular values,
beliefs, and patterns of behavior
that tend to be special or unique
to a group and that do not tend to
be shared with members of other
cultures.
WHAT IS CULTURE
UNIVERSAL?
• refers to the commonly shared
values, norms of behavior, and
life patterns that are similarly
held among cultures about
human behavior and lifestyles
EXAMPLE:
FOOD
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Anthropology
• An academic discipline that is concerned
with the scientific study of humans, past
and present.
• A central concern of anthropologists is
the application of knowledge to the
solution of human problems.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Culture
• The complex whole that includes
knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, law,
customs, and any other capabilities and
habits acquired by members of a society
(Tylor, 1871).
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Culture
• Leininger defines culture as the “learned,
shared, and transmitted values, beliefs,
norms, and lifeways of a particular group of
people that guide thinking, decisions, and
actions in a patterned way….”
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Levels of Culture
• The primary level of culture refers to the
implicit rules known and followed by
members of the group, but seldom stated or
made explicit, to outsiders.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Levels of Culture
• The secondary level refers to underlying
rules and assumptions that are known to
members of the group but rarely shared
with outsiders.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Levels of Culture
• The tertiary level refers to the explicit or
public face that is visible to outsiders,
including dress, rituals, cuisine, and
festivals.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Subculture
• Refers to groups that have values and
norms that are distinct from those held
by the majority within a wider society.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Ethnicity
• The perception of oneself and a sense
of belonging to a particular ethnic
group or groups.
ANTHROPOLOGY AND
CULTURE
Race
• A group of people who share such
genetically transmitted traits as skin
color, hair texture, and eye shape or
color.
THANK YOU :)