Conditionals Grammar

Lesson in English
Different types of conditionals and how to use them in everyday
conversation.
Zero Conditional: to talk about the facts,
general truth, advise.
If + Present Simple, Present Simple-imperative

If it rains, If you squeeze an orange, If you mix ingredients

together and bake them,
the road will be wet. you'll get orange juice.
you'll make a cake.
First Conditional: to talk about the events
that are probable and real to happen,
Possible condition and its possible result.
If + Present Simple, Future Simple

If it rains tomorrow, If I win the lottery,

I will stay at home and watch Netflix. I will travel around the world.

If you study hard, If I see him,

you will pass the exam. I'll ask him about the party.
Second Conditional: to talk about unreal
future events and their possible result. The
situation condition is improbable,
impossible and imaginary.
If + Past Simple, would + infinitive without to

If I had a magic wand, If I had more money,

I'd change the world. I'd buy a new car.

1 2 3

If I were you,
I'd go to bed early.
Third Conditional: to talk about unreal
past events and their possible result. The
situation condition is improbable,
impossible and imaginary.
If + Past perfect simple + past conditional: would have +past participle.

If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.

If they had gone to the beach, they would have gotten sunburnt.

If you had come earlier, I would have made dinner for you.
Difference first vs. second
•If John runs fast, he will win the race.

–This is possible. (if John runs fast)

•If John ran fast, he would win the race.

–This is impossible, because John doesn’t run fast.

•Both refer to present and then future… The difference is in the likelihood of the action happening.
Mixed Conditionals

If I had travelled more in If he had more time, If I weren't so busy,

my 20s,
he would travel to Japan, if he I'd learn to play guitar, if I had
I'd be more experienced but could speak Japanese. the patience.
have less money now.
Examples and Practice Opportunities
Zero First Second Third
conditional conditional conditional conditional
If you heat ice, it If he doesn't come If I could travel in If I won the lottery,
melts. soon, we'll be late time, I'd visit the I'd buy 30 houses.
for the movie. future.
Activity- What if?
1 What if you woke up in a foreign country today?

2 What if you lost your phone and could not find it?

3 What if you won the lottery?

Match the consequences
1.If you heat water a) it’s really hot

2.If you are in Africa b) he’s dead

3.If it’s freezing cold c) it gets rusty

4.If the man is not breathing d) they die

5.If the moon shines e) it melts and changes into water

6.If you don’t eat f) It means it’s night

7.If you heat ice g) it boils

8.If you leave metal out in the rain h) you are hungry

9.If you put money into machine i) it gives you a ticket

10.If you don’t water the flowers j) it means it’s winter in Poland
Complete the sentences using the correct
form of verb from the brackets (1st
Conditional)
1.If you___________(learn) English, you ___________ (be able to) work in England.

2.They ____________(borrow) a bus if they _________(want) to travel around the world.

3.If she____________(practice) regularly, she _________(play) very well.

4.He__________________(not need) an instrument if he __________(be) a good singer.

5.If I ____________(share) it with my friends, I___________(enjoy) the music more.

6.If they_____________(come) to their house later, their mum_______________(cook) them dinner.

7.If you_______________(not be able to) get ready in time, you___________(arrive) late.

8.Her parents___________(take) her to the beach this summer if she____________(not fail) any tests.

9.If you______(go) shopping after school, you will be able to __________(buy) a magazine.
Use third conditional to write and talk about
What would have happened if…
1.If you became an olympic athlete.

2.If you had been born in the 1950's.

3.If the world had ended in 2012.

4.If the Greek Civilization hadn’t dissapeared.

 Listen to the audio and answer the questions.

What kind of shop is it?

Why does Edina want to earn some money?
What kind of shop has she worked in before?
When will Edina start working?
 Listen to the audio and answer the questions.

If you work here on Sundays, you...

Customers get annoyed if...
If the shop assistants aren’t friendly,...
If I don’t phone you tomorrow, you...
If I save two thousand pounds, I... If I don’t save as much as that, I...