BOLTED AND

RIVETED
CONNECTIONS
ENGR. CHEZANIE MIYA S.
ASUNCION

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 BOLTED & RIVETED CONNECTION

DO YOU WONDER HOW STEEL MEMBERS ARE ASSEMBLED?

Structural members are assembled thru the use of bolts,
rivets, and welds

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 TYPES OF CONNECTIONS

1 2 3
BOLTED RIVETED WELDED
CONNECTION CONNECTION CONNECTION

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HIGH-STRENGTH
BOLTS
• High strength bolts are usually
tightened to develop a specified
tensile stress in them, which results
in predictable clamping force on the
joint.
• Joints containing high – strength bolts
are designed either as slip-critical or
friction type, where high slip
resistance at service load is
unnecessary.
• There are two basic types of high
strength bots used the ASTM A3525
and ASTM A490. ALPINE
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 RIVETS
• Installation of rivets requires heating the
rivets to a light cherry-red color, inserting it
into a hole and then applying pressure to the
preformed head while at the same time
squeezing the plain end of the rivet to form a
rounded head. During this process, the
shank of rivet completely or nearly fills
the hole into the which it had been
exerted.
• Upon cooling, the rivets shrinks, thereby
providing a clamping force. However, the
amount of clamping force produced by
cooling of the rivet varies from rivet and
therefore cannot be counted on in design ALPINE
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 BOLTED CONNECTION

Standard Hole Oversized Holes

Connection

Long-Slotted Long-Slotted
Holes(Parallel Load) Holes(Transverse Load)

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 TYPES BOLTED CONNECTION

LAP JOINT Butt Joint(Double Shear)

(Single Shear)

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 Shear Connections

Eccentric Shear Tension Connection Combined shear and tension

Connections

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POSSIBLE MODES OF FAILURE OF BOLTED CONNECTIONS

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 ALPINE
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 ALPINE
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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection
Gross Area Net Area
Ag Ae = An < 0.85Ag

Hole + 1.6
mm (Typ.)
P

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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection
Staggered Holes
Holes are sometimes staggered, as shown in Figure.
Staggering of the holes increases the net area of the section.
According to section 502.3, for a chains of holes extending
across a part in any diagonal or zigzag line, the net width of the
P part shall be obtained by deducting from the gross width of the
sum of the diameter or slot dimensions of all holes in the chain,
and adding, for each gage space in the chain in quantity

Where:
s = longitudinal center to center spacing (pitch) of any two
consecutive holes
g = transverse center-to-center spacing (gage) between
fasteners gage lines, mm

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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection

Angles
For angles, the gage for holes in opposite
legs shall be the sum of the gages from the
back of the angles less the thickness.

s = 100 ( Pitch)
g = 90 + 80 -10 = 160 (Gage)

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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection

TENSION ON GROSS AREA

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 Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection

TENSION ON EFFECTIVE AREA

Ae = UAn
Where, Au= net area of the member U = a reduction coefficient
Unless a large coefficient can be justified by test or other
recognized criteria, the following values of U table 2 – 9 shall be
used in computations:

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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection

SHEAR IN BOLTS

Av = Abolt x n (for single shear)

Av = 2 Abolt x n (for double shear)
n = no. of bolts
Allowable shearing stress, Fv depends on the
type and Material of Bolts: See Table 2-1 in
page 51

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Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection
BENDING ON THE PROJECTED AREA
BETWEEN THE BOLT AND THE PLATE

Allowable stress, Fp= 1.2 Fu

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 Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection
COMBINED SHEARING AND TEARING
(Shear Rapture or Block Shear)

P= Fv Av + At Ft

Allowable shearing stress, Fv = 0.3 Fu

Allowable Tearing stress, Ft = 0.5 Fu

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 Analysis of Axially Loaded Bolted or Riveted Connection
COMBINED SHEARING AND TEARING
(Shear Rapture or Block Shear)

P= Fv Av + At Ft

Allowable shearing stress, Fv = 0.3 Fu

Allowable Tearing stress, Ft = 0.5 Fu

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Example Problem 1:
The single 200 mm x 10 mm steel plate is connected to a 12-mm thick steel plate by four
16 mm diameter rivets as shown in figure 2 – 8. The rivets used are A502, Grade 2, hot
driven rivets. The steel is ASTM A36 with Fy = 248 MPa and Fu = 400 MPa. Determine the
value of P in all possible modes of failure and the safe value of P that the connection can
resist.

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Example Problem 2:
A plate with width of 300 mm and thickness of 20 mm is to be connected to two plates of
the same width with half the thickness by 25 mm diameter rivets, as shown. The rivet
holes have a diameter 2 mm larger than the rivet diameter. The plate is A36 steel yield
strength Fy = 248 MPa. Allowable tensile stress on net area is 0.60 Fy and allowable
bearing stress of 1.35 Fy. The rivets are A502, Grade 2, hot-driven rivets with allowable
shear stress of 150 MPa. See Figure 2 – 11.
a. Determine the maximum load that can be applied to the connection without exceeding
the allowable tensile stress on the plate.
b. b. Determine the maximum load that can be applied to the connection without
exceeding the allowable shear stress on the rivets.
c. c. Determine the maximum load that can be applied to the connection without
exceeding the allowable bearing stress between the plates and rivets.

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Example Problem 2:

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THE MEASURE
OF
INTELLIGENCE THANK
IS THE ABILITY YOU
TO CHANGE. – SEE YOU NEXT MEETING
ALBERT
EINSTEIN

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