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  • Autokey Cipher

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    Ali Saddique
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    The Autokey Cipher is a polyalphabetic substitution cipher that is similar to the Vigenère cipher but makes the keystream more secure by incorporating plaintext or ciphertext letters into the key. It uses a tabula recta to locate intersections for encryption and decryption based on the plaintext or ciphertext and a cycling key derived from the initial keyword combined with previous cipher or plaintext letters. There are two forms, the key autokey that uses previous ciphertext in the keystream, and the text autokey that uses previous plaintext.

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    The Autokey Cipher is a polyalphabetic substitution cipher that is similar to the Vigenère cipher but makes the keystream more secure by incorporating plaintext or ciphertext letters into the key. It uses a tabula recta to locate intersections for encryption and decryption based on the plaintext or ciphertext and a cycling key derived from the initial keyword combined with previous cipher or plaintext letters. There are two forms, the key autokey that uses previous ciphertext in the keystream, and the text autokey that uses previous plaintext.

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    19 views14 pages

    Autokey Cipher

    Uploaded by

    Ali Saddique
    The Autokey Cipher is a polyalphabetic substitution cipher that is similar to the Vigenère cipher but makes the keystream more secure by incorporating plaintext or ciphertext letters into the key. It uses a tabula recta to locate intersections for encryption and decryption based on the plaintext or ciphertext and a cycling key derived from the initial keyword combined with previous cipher or plaintext letters. There are two forms, the key autokey that uses previous ciphertext in the keystream, and the text autokey that uses previous plaintext.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Autokey Cipher

    Presented By
    Ali (2020-SE-33)
    Hashar Ahmed (2020-SE-12)
    History
    • The Autokey Cipher is almost identical to the Vigenère Cipher – only it’s more secure.
    • It was first invented by Girolamo Cardano and was made more secure by Vigenère(The Vigenère
    cipher is a method of encrypting alphabetic text by using a series of different Caesar ciphers based on
    the letters of a keyword )
    • It is closely related to the Vigenère cipher but uses a different method of generating the key.
    What is Autokey Cipher

    • An autokey cipher (also known as the autoclave cipher) is a cipher that incorporates the
    message (the plaintext) into the key.
    • Autokey Cipher is a polyalphabetic substitution cipher.
    • There are two forms of autokey ciphers.
    1. Key Autokey Cipher
    2. Text Autokey Cipher
    Tabula Recta

    • Fundamental tool in classical cryptography.

    • Square table containing alphabet rows.

    • Each row is shifted by one position to the left.

    • Used for encryption/decryption.

    • Locate intersections for ciphertext/plaintext.

    • Key cycles through letters as needed.


    Key Autokey Cipher
    • A key-autokey cipher uses previous members of the keystream to determine the next element in the
    keystream.
    • Example:
    • Let's encrypt the plaintext "HELLO" with the key "KEY".
    • Plaintext: H E L L O
    • Key: K E Y H E
    • Ciphertext: T I C V P
    Here, the first letter of the key "K" is used to encrypt "H", then "E" encrypts "E", "Y" encrypts "L", and
    so on. When the ciphertext "T" is generated, it's added to the key sequence, and "T" becomes part of the
    key for encrypting the next character.
    Text Autokey Cipher
    • A text-autokey uses the previous message text to determine the next element in the keystream.
    • Example:
    • Let's encrypt the plaintext "HELLO" using the initial key "SECRET".
    • Plaintext: H E L L O
    • Key: S H E L L
    • Ciphertext: V O P Z Y
    In this example, "S" encrypts "H", "H" encrypts "E", "E" encrypts "L", and so on. The ciphertext
    generated ("V") then becomes part of the key sequence. Subsequently, "V" encrypts "L", "O" encrypts
    "L", and so forth.
    Example
    • Message: Meet at the fountain

    • Keyword: KILT

    • Plaintext: MEETATTHEFOUNTAIN

    • Key: KILTMEETATTHEFOUN

    • Ciphertext: WMPMMXXAEYHBRYOCA
    Mathematically
    Key Stream
    Example
    • Plaintext = HELLO
    • Autokey = N
    • Key will be: N H E L L

    A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
    Encryption
    • Plain Text(P) : H E L L O
    7 4 11 11 14
    • Corresponding Number:
    N H E L L
    • Key(K) :
    13 7 4 11 11 Ci = ( Pi + Ki ) Mod 26
    • Corresponding Number:
    20 11 15 22 25
    • Applying the formula:
    U L P W Z

    • Hence Ciphertext is: ULPWZ


    Decryption

    • Cipher Text(C) : U L P W Z
    • Corresponding Number: 20 11 15 22 25

    • Key(K) : N H E L L Pi = ( Ci - Ki ) Mod 26
    • Corresponding Number: 13 7 4 11 11

    • Applying the formula: 7 4 11 11 14


    H E L L O

    • Hence Plaintext is: HELLO


    References

    • https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/autokey-cipher-symmetric-ciphers
    • https://youtu.be/-UgLXx-RIKE?si=UQBWNHgEsoGQeyRQ
    • https://youtu.be/JsUHsrXl2cw?si=_Etm2POHz7MNyjTS

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