INTRODUCTION TO

CHEMISTRY
 OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to;

A. define chemistry,
B. perform an activity regarding unit conversion; and
C. give the importance of chemistry in daily life.
 Chemistry
It is a branch of science that deals to the study of matter.

Chemistry is the central science.

 FOCUS OF CHEMISTRY

COMPOSITION

PROPERTIES CHEMISTRY STRUCTURE

CLASSIFICATION

COMPOSITION- talks about what is present on matter. It also talks about percentage content of a certain
compound.
STRUCTURE – discusses how matter is being formed and shaped. Like water, it is shape as bent or v-
shaped.
PROPERTIES- describes how matter changes from one state to another. Ice changes its state from solid to
liquid to gas through the use of heat.
CLASSIFICATION- describes how matter is being classified through their characteristics.
 BRANCHES OF
CHEMISTRY
Chemistry has branches with different focus of study.
1. Inorganic Chemistry- in general, the study of compounds that
do not contain carbon.
2. Organic Chemistry- the study of carbon-based compounds; with
few exception like carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO)
3. Biochemistry- the study of the chemistry of living system.
4. Analytical Chemistry- the study of the quality and quantity of
components of substances.
5. Physical Chemistry- The study of the mechanism, rates and
energetics of chemical reactions.
v

What are the

importance of
Chemistry?
 SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Scientific method is used to answer a logical and scientific question. It is a

step by step process in investigation and answering a scientific question.
STEPS IN SCIENTIFIC METHOD

HYPOTHESIZE DRAW
OBSERVE CONCLUSIONS
Accept of Reject
Make observations Make conclusion based
the Hypothesis on hypothesis

QUESTION EXPERIMENT
REPORT
Ask a question or Design and perform an
identify a problem Experiment Share your Results

RESEARCH CONSTRUCT A
HYPOTHESIS
Search for existing
answers or solutions Formulate Hypothesis
MEASUREMENT
Measurement is used to describe matter
quantitatively through the use of measuring
instrument like meter stick, weighing scale,
beaker, graduated cylinder, ruler, tape measure.
Different instrument measures different
quantities.
International System of Units (SI)- This was proposed by the
scientific community for the standard units of measurement.

SYSTEM UNITS

ENGLISH Pound, atmosphere, inch, yard, mile, bar, mi/hr,

METRIC Meter, liter, centimeter, pascal, newton, hour, second, cubic meter
 BASED/FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES
Quantity SI Unit
Mass Kilogram (kg)
Electric current Ampere (A)
Time Second (s)
Temperature Kelvin (K)
Amount of Substance Mole (mol)
Luminous Intensity Candela (cd)
Length Meter (m)
DERIVED QUANTITIES (named a few)
Speed Meter per second(m/s)
Acceleration Meter per second square (m/s2)
Force Newton (N)
Pressure Pascal (Pa)
Volume Cubic meter (m3)
Density Kilogram/cubic meter (kg/m3)
 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Leading zeros 0.0018 has two significant

● Leading zeros (zeros before non-zero figures: 1 and 8.
numbers) are not significant.

Captive zeros 73.04 has 4 significant figures:

● Captive zeros are always significant. 7,3,0, and 4.

Trailing zeros
● Trailing zeros in a number without a 700 has only one significant figure (7)
decimal point are generally not
significant.
● Trailing zeros in a number containing a 15.2700 has six significant figures: 1, 5, 2,
decimal point are significant. 7, 0,and 0.
CONVERSION OF
UNITS
 EXAMPLES
Convert the following quantities

1. 10 km to m
10 km x = 10,000 m

2. 120 hours to year

120 hrs. x x = 0.014 yr.

3. 67.26 kg to g

67.26 kg x = 67,260 g
Convert the following quantities

1. 25.18 ft to cm

2. 4500 mg to kg

3. 27 years to hrs.

4. 63.10 L to ml.
Convert the following quantities

1. 25.18 ft to cm 25.18 ft x = 767.49 cm

2. 4500 mg to kg 4500 mg x = 0.0045 kg

3. 27 years to hrs. 27 yrs. x = 236,520 hrs.

4. 63.10 L to ml. 63.10 L x = 63,100 mL

 Thanks!
Thanks!

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