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5G NR Physical Resource
1 Numerology
2 Time-Domain Resources
3 Frequency-Domain Resources
4 Space-Domain Resources
Time- CP
domain Basic scheduling unit
Space-domain Unchanged
Codeword Layer Antenna port
NR Vs. LTE Enhanced
QCL Newly added
Flexibility Example
good bad
Case 1 Different spectrum Sub-6 GHz, mmWave Coverage
bad good
Case 2 Multiple services eMBB, URLLC, mMTC Mobility
Case 3 Multiple scenarios Low/high Speed
28 GHz bad good
Phase Noise
bad good
Latency
1 Numerology
3 Frequency-Domain Resources
4 Space-Domain Resources
SCS = 15 kHz
T_slot = 1ms (14 symbols)
CP data …
Parameter/Numerology (µ) 0 1 2 3 4
T_symbol
SCS (kHz):
15 30 60 120 240
SCS = 15 x 2^(µ)
T_slot = 0.5ms (14 symbols)
SCS = 30 kHz
OFDM symbol for data duration (us):
66.67 33.33 16.67 8.33 4.17
T_data = 1/SCS
…
CP Duration (µs):
4.69 2.34 1.17 0.59 0.29
T_cp = 144/2048*T_data T_symbol
SCS = 60 kHz
Slot Length (ms):
1 0.5 0.25 0.125 0.0625
T_slot = 1/2^(µ)
…
T_symbol
15 14 1 10
30 14 2 20
60 14 4 40
120 14 8 80
240 14 16 160
480 14 32 320
D U X
D X X U D X U D X U D X U D X U
D D D D D D D D U
D U
D
1 Numerology
2 Time-Domain Resources
4 Space-Domain Resources
Frequency
range Frequency Range 1 (FR1) Frequency Range 2 (FR2)
5G frequency band
3GPP TS 38.101 mainly defines NR frequency bands.
NR and LTE have some frequency bands in same but the
frequencies are represented in different ways.
subcarriers
sNubcarriers
RB
N RB N sc
– Basic scheduling unit for data channel
RB
–
sc
Frequency domain: 12 contiguous subcarriers
Resource Block Group (RBG)
– Basic scheduling unit for data channel, to reduce control channel overheads Resource element
– Frequency domain: {2, 4, 8, 16} RBs (k , l )
Resource block
Resource Element Group (REG)
– Basic unit involved in control channel resource allocation
– Time domain: 1 symbol, frequency domain: 12 subcarriers (1 PRB)
Control Channel Element (CCE)
– Basic scheduling unit involved in control channel resource allocation
– Frequency domain: 1 CCE = 6 REGs = 6 PRBs k 0
– CCE aggregation level: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 l 0 l 14 2 1
Channel Edge
Channel Edge
Transmission
Bandwidth [RB]
Resource Block
60
95% 95% 95% \
32 66 132 264
120 Active Resource
f
92.2% 95% 95% 95% Blocks
BWP 1
#1 #2 #3
BWP Numerology Numerology 2
1
BWP 2 BWP1 BWP 2
BWP Bandwidth
• ΔFRaster is the channel raster granularity, which may be equal to or larger than ΔF Global.
-- The channel raster for each operating band is recommended as below ( Section 4.3.1.3 in TR38.817-01)
FR1 FR2
Bands
Sub2.4G 2.6G~6G 24.25G~52.6G
Channel raster 100kHz 15kHz 60kHz
1 Numerology
2 Time-Domain Resources
3 Frequency-Domain Resources
5G NR Physical Resource
1 Overview
2 Application on 18B
PDCCH DMRS for PDSCH PDSCH SSB CSI-RS GP UL (SRS) PUSCH PUCCH DMRS for PUSCH PRACH
BWP
1 Overview
Transport Transmission
BCH PCH DL/UL
Channel SCH rule is defined
Frequency
CORESET
frequency difference from the lowest
SSB
Initial DL BWP PRB of RMSI to the lowest PRB of
PDSCH
SS/PBCH block.
Frequency offset
Time
Initial BWP
Flexible SS/PBCH
position
PSS
Carrier
center
SSS
1 RB
SFI-RNTI (slot format)
PDCCH
for UE blind detection PDSCH – INT-RNTI (resource pre-emption)
8 CCEs – TPC-PUSCH-RNTI (PUSCH
power control command)
4 CCEs
– TPC-PUCCH-RNTI (PUCCH
power control command)
2 CCEs
– TPC-SRS-RNTI (SRS power
1 CCE control command)
CCE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18B supports maximum 2 layers spatial multiplexing of PDCCH
Slot
– Type2: Single-symbol: 6, dual-symbol: 12 Slot
k l 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 k l 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Used for channel state information (CSI) measurement. The UE reports the following content:
CSI obtaining
CQI, PMI, rank indicator (RI), layer Indicator (LI)
Channel quality Used for beam measurement. The UE reports the following content:
Beam management
measurement L1-RSRP and CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI)
Used for radio link monitoring (RLM) and radio resource management (handover). The UE
RLM/RRM measurement
reports the following content: L1-RSRP
Time-frequency offset tracing (TRS) Used for precise time-frequency offset tracing.
DL Peak throughput = 33200 * 8 (256QAM) * 0.92 * 8 / 0.0005 * 0.8 (DL/(UL+DL))* 90% ≈ 2.8G
Waveform Modulation mode Codeword Number of Layers RB Resource Allocation PAPR Application Scenario
QPSK, 16QAM, Contiguous/
CP-OFDM 1 1–4 High At/near the cell center
64QAM, 256QAM non-contiguous
π /2-BPSK, QPSK, At the cell edge
DFT-S-OFDM 16QAM, 64QAM, 1 1 Contiguous Low (achieving gain by using a low
256QAM PAPR)
5G NR Physical Resource
RAN WG2
SA WG2 CT WG3
Radio Layer 2 spec
Architecture Interworking with external networks
Radio Layer 3 RR spec
RAN WG3
SA WG3 CT WG4
lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M
Security MAP/GTP/BCH/SS
requirements (transmission interfaces)
RAN WG4 SA WG4 CT WG6
Radio Performance Protocol aspects Codec Smart Card Application Aspects
RAN WG5 SA WG5
Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing Telecom Management
SA WG6 TSGs are responsible for
RAN WG6Legacy RAN radio and protocol
Mission-critical applications 3GPP standard finalization.
TS 38.3XX
TS 38.2XX TS 37.324 TS 38.4XX TS 38.1XX
( SDAP )
TS 37.340 ( DC )
• TS : Technical Specification
3GPP standard finalization goes through 2 phases, which are SI (Study Item, for the technical feasibility study) and WI (Work Item, for
technical specification composition). The output for SI is TR, while for WI is TS.
Logical channels
Layer 2
Medium Access Control NR; Physical layer services provided by
TS 38.202
(MAC) the physical layer
Transport channels
TS 38.211 NR; Physical channels and modulation
Layer 1 Physical layer TS 38.212 NR; Multiplexing and channel coding
Physical
Layer NR; Physical layer procedures for
TS 38.213
control
Quoted from 3GPP TS38.201
TS 38.214 NR; Physical layer procedures for data
L2/L3
SDAP
QoS flow QoS flow
TS 38.300 NR; Overall description; Stage-2
handling handling
overview
Radio Bearers
NR; Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol
L2-MAC layer TS 38.321
ROHC ROHC ROHC ROHC
specification
PDCP
Security Security Security Security
NR; Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol
L2-RLC layer TS 38.322
RLC Channels specification
NR; Packet Data Convergence Protocol
RLC
Segm.
...
Segm. Segm.
...
Segm. L2-PDCP layer TS 38.323
ARQ ARQ ARQ ARQ (PDCP) specification
Logical Channels L2-SDAP
E-UTRA and NR; Service Data Adaptation
layer (NR TS 37.324
Protocol (SDAP) specification
Scheduling / Priority Handling
newly added)
NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC);
MAC Multiplexing UE1 Multiplexing UEn L3-RRC Layer TS 38.331
Protocol specification
HARQ HARQ
NR; Multi-connectivity; Overall description;
About NSA DC TS 37.340
Transport Channels Stage-2
Quoted from 3GPP TS38.300
F1 F1 TS
F1 F1 TS 38.425
38.470 NG-RAN;
NG-RAN; Xn interfaceaspects
F1 general user plane
and protocol
principles
TS 38.471 NG-RAN; F1 layer 1
gNB-DU gNB-DU gNB-DU gNB-DU
TS 38.472 NG-RAN; F1 signalling transport
F1: interface
btw gNB CU TS 38.473 NG-RAN; F1 Application Protocol (F1AP)
and DU TS 38.474 NG-RAN; F1 data transport
Quoted from 3GPP TS38.401
TS 38.475 NG-RAN; F1 interface user plane protocol
• TS : Technical Specification
RP TR38.912
RAN1 TR38.802 Air
interface
3 5G NR Air
RAN2 TR38.804
TS38.3XX (7TSs)
TS38.2XX (7TSs) technology interface
(L1) technology TS37.324
(L2/L3) TS37.340
RAN3 TR38.801
TS38.401 TS38.41X (5TSs) RAN
2 5G
Network
Network
SA2 TR23.799
TS23.501
interface
TS38.42X (6TSs) architecture TS23.502
TS38.47X (6TSs)
RP TR38.913
Scenario and
requirement
1 5G
Requirement New
service and
market
SA1 TR22.891
TR22.861
TR22.862
TR22.863
TR22.864
technology