Machine Learning

(BCCS-3202 , 6th-Sem, BTech-CSE)

Dr. Vivek Tiwari

Associate Professor
Computer Science and Engineering

Innovate. Achieve. Lead 1

In Machine Learning
context:

Knowledge and Model

are same?
In language sciences…

Knowledge means, pattern, facts, information, skills that is

acquired through experience

In Machine Learning…

Model is a algorithm that learns patterns (facts, artifacts )

from the data (experiences)
Data vs Information vs Knowledge
The words Data and Information may look similar and many people use these words very frequently, But both
have lots of differences between them.
what is data:
 Data are plain facts.
contextualize
 The word "data" is plural for "datum."

 When data are processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so

as to make them useful, they are called Information.
 It can be anything like name of a person or a place or a number etc. The main examples of data are weights,
prices, costs, numbers of items sold, employee names, product names, addresses, tax codes, registration marks
etc.
 Data is the raw material that can be processed by any computing machine. Processed Organized

Data themselves are fairly useless, but when these data are interpreted Structured Transformed
and processed to determine its true meaning, they becomes useful and can
be named as Information.
Data vs Information vs Knowledge
Information
 It is data that has been processed in such a way as to be meaningful to the person who receives it.
 Information is data that has been converted into a more useful or intelligible form.
 It is the set of data that has been organized for direct utilization of mankind, as information helps
human beings in their decision making process.
 Examples are: Seating plan, Time Table, Merit List, Report card, Headed tables, printed documents,
pay slips, receipts, reports etc.
Data vs Information vs Knowledge

Knowledge
• Human mind purposefully organized the information and evaluate it
to produce knowledge.
• In other words the ability of the person recalls or uses his information
and experience is known as knowledge.
• For example, "386" is data, "your marks are 386/400" is information,
and "It is result of your hard work" is knowledge
Data Analytics
& its type
Data Analytics: Definition
Data analytics is the science of analyzing raw data to make conclusions. Data analytics techniques can
reveal trends and metrics that would otherwise be lost in the mass of information. (
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/data-analytics.asp)

Data analytics (DA) is the process of examining data sets to find trends and draw conclusions about the
information they contain. (
https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatamanagement/definition/data-analytics)

Data analytics is the collection, transformation, and organization of data in order to draw conclusions,
make predictions, and drive informed decision making. (https://www.coursera.org/)

Data analytics is defined as a set of tools and technologies that help manage qualitative and quantitative
data with the object of enabling discovery, simplifying organization, supporting governance, and
generating insights for a business.
(https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/data-management/articles/what-is-data-analytics/)
Branches: Analytics

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Source: https://towardsdatascience.com/ 11
Source: https://data-flair.training/blogs/types-of-machine-learning-algorithms/
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Note:
Diagnostic Analytics: Why is it happening?

• It is consider as extension of descriptive analytics.

• This is the next step in complexity in data analytics is descriptive
analytics.
• On the assessment of the descriptive data, diagnostic analytical will
empower an analyst to drill down and in so doing isolate the root-
cause of a problem.

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• 1. Descriptive Analytics: What is happening?
• 2. Diagnostic Analytics: Why is it happening?
• 3. Predictive Analytics: What is likely to happen?
• 4. Prescriptive Analytics: What do I need to do?

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https://www.spiceworks.com/ 15