21st

Century
Literature
What
is
Lite
ratu
re
What
is
Lite
ratu
re
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
CLICK YOUR
POINTS
By

Multiplication
Choices: PICTURE CLUES

Spanish Period
Martial Law
Edsa People Power
American Regime
Japanese Occupation
House Rules:

1. Raise your hand before

you speak.
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tekhnologic
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
Literature

• Is a body of written works.

• Originated from oral traditions.
• Are imaginative works.
• Deals with stories and poetry.
• The content depends on the author.

Three Points of Literature

• Literature portrays human experience.

• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
 The
Three
Literary
Periods
 The
Three
Literary
Periods
 BC-1564
The
Pre-Colonial
Period
The Pre-Colonial Period

• We had our own alphabet that our Malayan

ancestors used. BAYBAYIN
• The written literary forms did not last because
of the materials used such as:
1) leaves,
2) bamboo canes
3) the ground.
• oral literature continued by word of mouth
1).riddles 2) proverbs 3)folksongs
and folktales 4) myths and legends
Forms

1. Oral Literature 2. Folk Songs

a. Riddles a. Lullabies
b. Proverbs b. Drinking Songs
c. Love Songs(Courtship song)
d. Songs of Death
e. Religious Songs
3. Folk Tales
a. Myths
b. Legends
c. Fables
d. Epics
Riddles (Mga Bugtong)

• These are statements that contain superficial

words, but they function figuratively and as
metaphors, and are in the form of questions.
• These are questions that demand deeper
answers.
• Deals with everyday life.
• It usually has mundane things as answers.
• This is used in the past as a form of game in
small or large gatherings.
Metaphors- is compare different things ex: A rollercoaster of emotion .
The way our ancestors lived during the early days is evident in
the contents of these literary forms.

Work and activity songs described how people earn their

livelihood like farming, fishing, pottery, and a lot more.

An example is the popular song by the Tagalogs-―Magtanim

ay di Biro (Planting Rice is Never Fun).
Proverbs (Mga Salawikain)

• These are statements that are considered as

wise.
• These are usually given by parents or elders
of the community.
• There is belief that experience is the
best teacher.

• Is a simple, traditional saying that expresses a perceived truth based on common sense or

experience
Folk Tales (Mga Kwentong Bayan)

• These are stories of native Filipinos.

• These deal with the power of nature-
personified, their submission to a deity-
usually Bathala- and how this deity is
responsible for the blessings
and
calamities.
Fairy tales: 'Cinderella', 'Little Red Riding Hood', 'Snow White', and the 'Little Mermaid' are
all classic fairy tales.it is a fiction
Forms

• Myths- these tackle the natural to strange

occurences of the earth and how things
were created with an aim to give an
explanation to things.
.
-There is Bathala for the Tagalogs and the
Gueurang for the Bikolanos.
- Paradise is known as Maca, while Hell is
Kasanaaan

stories that are based on tradition. Some may have factual origins, while others are completely

fictional
• Legends- through the natives
uderstood legends, mysteries them. These
stories usually come with a moral lesson that
around
give credit to supernatural powers,
supernatural occurences, and other out-of-
this-world native imagination. a story coming down from the past.
especially : one popularly regarded as historical unauthenticated.

• Fables- are short or brief stories that cater the children of the native
Filipinos and are usually bounded by good manners and right
conduct. These stories use animals as characters that represent a
particular value or characteristic. You can find moral values

• Epics- are very lengthy narratives that are based on oral traditions.
These contain encounters of fighters, stereotypical princes or heroes
that save a damsel in distress. heroic deeds
Examples:

Myths The Story of Bathala

Ang Pag-aaway ng Dagat at Langit

Legends The Legend of Maria Makiling

The Legend of the Sampaguita

Fables Ang Kuneho at and Pagong

Si Juan Tamad

Epics Hinilawod
Darangen
1521-1898
The
SPANISH
Period
The Spanish Period

• The start of the Philippine's more colorful history

took place in March 6, 1521 when
Ferdinand Magellan docked on the shores of
Homonhon.
• The Filipinos were then called “Ladinos”, meaning
they were latinized.
• Filipinos were called two things. One is the “Taga-Bayan”, while the other is
the “Taga-bukid” or “Taga-bundok”.
• A person who is a Taga-bayan is considered urbane and civilized and were in
easy range of the church and state.
• A person who is a Taga-bundok or Taga-bukid is called a Bruto Salvage
(Savage
Brute) or Indio and were the ones who lived far from the center of
the Spanish power.
The Spanish Period
The characteristic of our literature during the Spanish era
is the use of religion as the content in the works of the
early literature.

Revolves around the life and the death of

Jesus Christ.

One great example of this is the idea of goodness that will

be rewarded and that evil deeds will be punished.

First Filipino alphabet, called alibata,

replaced by the Roman alphabet
Forms of Religious Literature:

Pasyon- it is about the passion (journey and suffering) and the death of Jesus
Christ.

Senakulo- it is the re-enctment of the Pasyon.

Komedya- it depicts the European society through love and fame, but can also
be a narrative about a journey, just like Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy. It is
also considered religous, because it usually depicts the battle between the
Christians and the Saracens or the Moros.
 Period of
Enlightenment
(1972- 1898)
Period of Enlightenment (1972- 1898)

• These were in the forms of satires, editorials, and

news articles that aimed to attack the
Spanish Rule.
• The propaganda trinity is composed of Dr. Jose
Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Graciano Lopez
Jaena, and Antonio Luna
ExaJmaepnleas:

Graciano Lopez Jaena

Ang Fray Botod- One of his works written in Jaro, Iloilo in 1876, six years after
the Cavite Revolt attacking the friars in the Philippines. He exposed how some
of the friars were greedy, ambitious and immoral.
Dr. Jose Rizal

NOLI ME TANGERE-his was the novel that gave spirit to

the propaganda movement and paved the way to the
revolution against Spain. In this book, he courageously
exposed the evils in the Spanish-run government
in the Philippines.
Examples:

Dr. Jose Rizal

El Filibusterismo– This is a sequel to the NOLI. While the

NOLI exposed the evils in society, the FILI exposed those in the
government and in the church. However, the NOLI has been dubbed the novel
of society while that of FILI is that of politics.
Publications

El Heraldo de la Revolucion (Herald of the Revolution)

– printed the decrees of the Revolutionary
Government, news and works in Tagalog that aroused nationalism.
This is the Official Newspaper of the Revolutionary Government
of Aguinaldo.

La Independencia (Independence) – an independent newspaper founded and

edited by General Antonio Luna.

La Republica Filipina (The Philippine Republic) – a private newspaper edited by

Pedro Paterno.

La Libertad (Liberty) – another private newspaper edited by Clemente Zulueta.

1900-1942
The
AMERICAN
Period
The American Period

• The Philippines had a great leap in Education and

Culture.
• The use of English alongside Filipino was practiced.
• The Philippines Public School system was
introduced.
• Free public instruction was given to the Filipinos.
• The literature during the American period was considered as imitative of
American model. Instead of asking the students to write originals,
students ended up following the form of American poets.
Forms

1.Poetry- poetry under the American rule still

followed the style of the old, but had contents that
ranged from free writing to societal concerns under the
Americans.

2.Drama- was usually used in the American period to degrade the Spanish
rule and to immortalize the heroism of the men who fought under the
Katipunan.

3.Remake Novels- took up Dr. Jose Rizal's

portrayal of social conditions by colonial repression.
Poetry

Jose Corazon de Jesus (1832-1896) popularly known

as “Batute,” created his own generation with his first
book of poems.

Mga Gintong Dahon (1920)- were poems pre-occupied with such non-
traditional themes as passion-slaying, grief-induced, insanity, and lover’s
suicide.

Sa Dakong Silangan (1928)- returned to the awit form, retelling the history of
Philippines under Spain, the coming of the U.S under the guise of friendship to
take over from Spain
Drama

Severino Reyes (1861-1942) – spearheaded a

movement to supplant the komedya with a new type of
drama, the sarsuwela, a Filipino adaptation of the
Spanish zarzuela.

Examples:

Walang Sugat (1902)- is a sarsuwela (drama in the form singing) drawn from the
period of Revolution, depicting the cruelty and corruption of friars and the
heroism of the soldiers of the Katipunan.
1941-1945
The
JAPANESE
Period
1946- 1985
The
REPUBLIC
The Japanese Period and the Republic

• The Philippine literature came into a halt.

• The use of the English language was forbidden, and
the use of the Filipino language was mandated
under the Japanese rule.
• For some this was a problem, but to most writers,
it was a blessing in disguise.
• Almost all news papers were stopped except for
some.
• Filipino literature was given a break during this
period. Many wrote plays, poems, short
stories, etc. Topics and themes were often
about life in the
provinces.
Forms

1. Poetry

2. Fiction

3. Drama

4. Newspapers

5. Essays
Forms

1. Poetry

2. Fiction

3. Drama

4. Newspapers

5. Essays
 Period of
Activism
(1970-1972)
 LITERATURE
OF
THE PHILIPPINES
TODAY
 LITERATURE
OF
THE PHILIPPINES
TODAY
21st Century Literature

In the 21st centruy Philippines, there are a lot of

literary innovations that are adapted and created by
Filipinos. Nowadays, even those who do not have any
significant literary background make their own way using the freedom
that they have to write and to express.

There are a lot of new froms from the basic genres of literature; thus,
proving how far the literature in the Philippines has gone and how far
it will go on from here.
21st Century Literature

In the 21st centruy Philippines, there are a lot of

literary innovations that are adapted and created by
Filipinos. Nowadays, even those who do not have any
significant literary background make their own way using the freedom
that they have to write and to express.

There are a lot of new froms from the basic genres of literature; thus,
proving how far the literature in the Philippines has gone and how far
it will go on from here.
21st Century Literature

In the 21st centruy Philippines, there are a lot of

literary innovations that are adapted and created by
Filipinos. Nowadays, even those who do not have any
significant literary background make their own way using the freedom
that they have to write and to express.

There are a lot of new froms from the basic genres of literature; thus,
proving how far the literature in the Philippines has gone and how far
it will go on from here.
Thank
You