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z Methords of
Irrigation
7/17/22
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Project Work
Group#3
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Group Members:

1.Navair Inamdar

2.Saad Ahmed

3.Muhammad Kamran
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Types of Irrigation Methords
Traditional Method Modern Method
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z Shaduf
In the shaduf system water is
drawn from a well, river or
canal by a bucket which is
attached to a pole on one side
and a weight on the other side
as shown in the picture.

A small area can be irrigated

by this method. The shaduf
system is rarely used
nowadays.
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z Charsa
In Charsa, animal power
is used to pull water from
the well. Charsa system
too is not used by many
farmers nowadays.

 One side of the rope is

attached to the foot of. the
animal and the other side
is tied with the bucket. As
the animal moves forward,
bucket is pulled up.
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z Persian Wheel
Its is a system of continuous
supply of water as shown on
the right and irrigates
comparatively a larger surface.

It is powered by blindfolded
bullock.
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 Karez is a horizontal underground canal in the

foothills that brings underground water to the
surface. The underground canal may be Karez
several kilometer long which is dug up by
peoplewho then later on share the water for
irrigating their crops.

 Vertical shafts are also dug up so that later on

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z
Inundation
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Canals
Long canals taken off from large
rivers are called inundation
canals. They receive water when
the river is high enough and
especially when it is in flood.

Canals are lined to dams and

barrages to provide water
throughout the year, and they
irrigate a vast area.
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z Tank Irrigation
Tank Irrigation is practiced by
constructing mud banks across
small streams to make a small
reservoir which collect excess
water during the rainy season.

It is a cheap and popular

method of irrigation and
maintains level of groundwater.
Where construction of wells is
very costly due to hard rock
surface, irrigation by tank is
cheaper.
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Perennial
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Canals
They are linked to
reservoirs of Dams and
Barrages to provide water
throughout the year, and
they irrigate a vast area.

The initial cost is high, but

water is made available
throughout the year
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z Tube Wells

Tube wells have diesel or

electrically operated pumps that
can raise water from the depth of
92 meters (300 feet) or more to
irrigate farms of more than 1000
hectares. Tube wells also help to
lower the water table there by
protecting the land from water
logging and salinity.
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z
Sprinkler or Spray
Irrigation
Sprinklers are connected to public
water supply pipes. They are centrally
placed in fields to water the plants. They
are used mainly in orchards and market
gardening.

Agriculture crops are rarely irrigated

with this methord because it is far more
expensive for the farmers, due to it’s
capital cost, than canal irrigation or tube
well method.
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z Tankers

Tankers collect water from the ponds

and lakes and provide it to the
households and fields in case of
emergency.

This method is very expensive and is

rarely used for irrigation.
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Barrages
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 Barrages in Pakistan are very

long zstructures used for
irrigation and flood control. The
cost of construction of a
barrage is significantly less
than that of a dam.

 Unlike Dams, which require

mountainious terrain, barrages
can be made even in flat
areas.