Functions

Functions

 Definition: a relationship between 2 variables in which each value of the

independent variable (x) matches up with exactly 1 value of the dependent
variable (y).
Opposite (converse) does not need to be true...

 Which of the following are functions?

𝒙
𝒚 =𝟐 𝒙 𝒚 =𝒙
𝟐 𝒚 =𝟑
𝒚 =𝟑 𝒙
𝟐
𝒚 =√ 𝒙 −𝟓 𝒚 =𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙)
Functions

 Notation for functions will be

 is just the name of the function
 is the input variable (independent)
 is the value of the function (y value) when is substituted in for .

1 = k^2 – 1
 If , what is: 2 = k^2
k = +/- √2
Phong: -1

Quoc Bao: 8
,
Vy: +- √2
Function Representation

 There are 4 ways we can represent functions:

 1. Verbal Description - In the 10–19 age group, there are

48 riders per hour. In the 20–29 age group, there is half
that amount, or 24 riders per hour. In the 30–39 age group,
there is half the amount of the previous age group, or 12
riders per hour. Each age group is represented by , where
represents ages 10-19, represents ages 20-29, and so on.
Function Representation

 There are 4 ways we can represent functions:

 2. Equations -
Exponential functions
(var. Is in the exponent)
 For example, the age group 50-59 is represented by .
Function Representation

 There are 4 ways we can represent functions:

 3. Table – shows each pair of inputs and outputs for a

function
Function Representation

 There are 4 ways we can represent functions:

 4. Graphs - A graph visually shows how two quantities are
related. The independent variable is always graphed on the
x-axis, and the dependent variable is always graphed on
the y-axis. The graph includes all the ordered pairs that
belong to a function.
Key Features

 There are several features you can look for when analyzing
functions.
 Increasing / Decreasing Intervals
 Linear and exponential functions are always increasing or
decreasing
 Parabolas will do both and will change at the vertex
 End behavior – what happens to the function with very large
positive / negative numbers
 Intercepts – check where it crosses each axis, and how many
times.
 Positive and Negative output value intervals.
 (refers to the y values)
( −
𝑏
2𝑎 (
,𝑓 −
𝑏
2𝑎 ))
 Domain and Range

 Domain – the set of numbers that you could possibly plug into
(independent variable)
 Notation: , or , or
 What is the domain of ? All real number y= 1 / x
 What is the domain of ? (-infty, infty) D: x =/= 0
 What is the domain of ? Horizontal
y=√(x-5)
D: x>=5 or [5, infty) Asymptote
 Range – the set of numbers that you could possible get for (dependent R: y>4
variable)
 Notation: same as domain
All reals
 What is the range of
y>=0
 What is the range of ?
y>0
 What is the range of ?
Transformations