The industrial revolution

Industrial Revolution
Industrialisation is the period of social and
economic change that transforms a human
group to an industrial society from an
agrarian society, involving the extensive
manufacturing reorganisation of an
economy.
 Causes of industrial
revolution
The cause of industrial revolution sre the
emergence of capitalism, European
imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and
the effects of the Agricultural Revolution
Collaborated countries
Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid
industrial development, primarily in the United
Kingdom, Germany, and the United States, but
also in France, the Low Countries, Italy and
Japan.
 Spining and weaving

The creation of the following ingenious machines made possible

the mass production of high-quality cotton and woolen thread
and yarn and helped transform Great Britain into the world’s
leading manufacturer of textiles in the second half of the 18th
century.
 The spinning jenny and water
frame

Water frame Spinning jenny

 The steam engines

Through its application in manufacturing and as a power source

in ships and railway locomotives, the steam engine increased the
productive capacity of factories and led to the great expansion of
national and international transportation networks in the 19th
century.
 Watt’s steam engine and
steamships

Watt’s steam engine Steamship

 Harnessing electricity

In the early 19th century, scientists in Europe and the United

States explored the relationship between electricity and
magnetism, and their research soon led to practical
applications of electromagnetic phenomena.
Electric tramway and incandescent
lamp

Electric tramway Incandescent lamp

 The telegraph and the
telephone

Two inventions of the 19th century, the electric telegraph and the
electric telephone, made reliable instantaneous communication over
great distances possible for the first time. Their effects on commerce,
diplomacy, military operations, journalism, and myriad aspects of
everyday life were nearly immediate and proved to be long-lasting.
Telephone and telegraph

Telegraph
Telephone
The internal-combustion engine and
the automobile
Among the most-consequential inventions of the late Industrial Revolution were the
internal-combustion engine and, along with it, the gasoline-powered automobile.
The automobile, which replaced the horse and carriage in Europe and the United States,
offered greater freedom of travel for ordinary people, facilitated commercial links
between urban and rural areas, influenced urban planning and the growth of large cities,
and contributed to severe air-pollution problems in urban areas.
The internal-combustion engine and
the automobile

The internal-combustion The automobile

engine
Growth in the agricultural
sector

New farm machinery coupled with chemical and agronomic

advances helped transform agriculture into a high-yield industrial
enterprise. This boosted food production capacity during the
Industrial Revolution which helped to feed the rising population.
The steel plow and mechanical
reaper

The mechanicarel
The steel plow
reaper
 Cosmetics and wear

Mass production techniques coupled with expanded

distribution networks allowed a huge range of consumer
goods, from clothing to cosmetics, to be manufactured
affordably and accessed by the general population.
Aniline dyes and sewing machine

Aniline dyes The sewing meachine

 Negative impact of industrial
revolution

Industrial Revolution led to increased pollution and

environmental damage. This was in part due to the
increased use of machines and factories, which produced
large amounts of waste and pollution.
 Positive impact of industrial
revolution

The ustrial Revolution led to many societal improvements

such as ending child labor, improved working and living
conditions, worker's rights and the growth of labor unions.
AIM OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

The main objectives of industrialization are: Economic

Growth: To increase the production of goods and
services, create new jobs and raise the standard of
living.
 Conclusion

The conclusion of the Industrial Revolution was the

creation of many inventions that improved
manufacturing capabilities of certain industries and
improved the economy. Inadvertently this also led to a
rise in poverty and unemployment as dependence on
manual labour was reduced.
Thank you
Done by : Jayashree kotra