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Neonatal Seizures
Neonatal Seizures
SEIZURES,NEONATAL HYPOCALCEMIA,
HYPOGLYCEMIA, HYPOMAGNESAEMIA
PRESENTED BY :
S.A.SASIKALA
MSC(N) II YEAR
NEONATAL SEIZURES
• 1.Perinatal events:
• Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
• Intracranial hemorrhage: Germinal matrix
intraventricular hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage,
primary subarachnoid hemorrhage (well baby
seizures)
2.METABOLIC
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Early: preterm, asphyxia, IDM
• Late: Top feeding
• Hypomagnesemia
• Hyponatremia / hypernatremia
• Pyridoxine deficiency
• IEM: non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, urea cycle defects, maple syrup disease,
glutaric aciduria, propionic aciduria, methyl malanoic aciduria,
mitochondrial disease.
3.INFECTIONS:
• Bacterial meningitis
• Non-bacterial infections: toxoplasmosis, herpes simplex,
rubella, cytomegalovirus
4.DEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS:
• Cerebral cortical dysgenesis
• Neuronal migration disorders
• Pachygyria, polymicrogyria
5.MISCELLANEOUS
Passive drug withdrawal
Accidental injection of local anesthetic into fetal scalp.
Neonatal epileptic syndromes
Benign familial neonatal convulsions
Benign idiopathic neonatal convulsions (fifth day fits)
Early myoclonic encephalopathy
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (Ohtahara’ssyndrome)
Malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy( coppola syndrome)
NEONATAL SEIZURES – TIME OF ONSET
Time of Etiology
onset
<24hrs HIE, severe birth trauma, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, drug
withdrawal, congenital CNS anomalies, intracranial hemorrhage
1-3 days All above , subarachnoid hemorrhage, IEM, benign familial neonatal
seizures
• Malabsorption workup
• Total lymphocyte and T-cell subset analyses
• Chest radiography
• Ankle and wrist radiography
• Electrocardiography
• Karyotyping
MANAGEMENT
• Assessment
• Identify the infants at risk
• Administer supp. Ca, vit .D, phos.
• Monitor during infusion
• Nutritional supplementation
DIAGNOSIS
• Anxiety, tremulouness
• Diaphoresis
• Tachycardia
• Pallor
• Hunger, nausea, & vomiting
C/M ---OF HYPOGLYCORRHACHIA