Direct &

Indirect/Reported
Speech
Grade 10: Term 3, Week 2
  Kim Kardashian cried, “My diamond earring fell
off in the ocean and now it’s gone!”
 Kim Kardashian cried…
 Harry Styles says, “You know it’s not the same as
What did it was.”
they say?  Harry Styles says…
 “How was your weekend, my lovely children?”
asks Mrs Gordon.
 Mrs Gordon asks…
 What is direct speech?
 Used to show the exact words of the
speaker.
Direct Speech
 What do we need to know when using
direct speech?
 Punctuation is important! Ensure you
use quotation marks [“ ”], commas [,] and
exclamation marks [!] etc.
 Quotation marks indicate the words
Direct Speech spoken
 Place punctuation marks within the
quotation marks
 Be sure to use a capital letter at the
beginning of the first word spoken
 Start a new paragraph for each new
speaker
 Direct speech consists of two parts:
1. A clause containing an
introductory verb such as said or
asked:
Direct Speech • This indicates the speaker, and
• Is always followed by a comma
• Mogamat said, “I forgot my book
today.”
 Direct speech consists of two parts:

2. The actual words that are spoken:

• These are enclosed in quotation
Direct Speech marks, and
• The first word begins with a capital
letter
• Mateo asked, “Is it cold today?”
 Format of direct speech:
Direct Speech
1. The introductory verb usually comes
before the words that are spoken:
 Kim Kardashian cried, “My diamond
earring fell off in the ocean and now it’s
gone!”
 Format of direct speech:

2. The spoken words sometimes come first:

 The spoken words will then be followed by a
comma, exclamation mark or a question
Direct Speech
mark, BUT
 Never a full stop OR colon
 “How was your weekend, my lovely
children?” asked Mrs Gordon.
 Format of direct speech:

3. The introductory verb may be found in the

middle of the sentence:
 This will split the sentence into two parts
Direct Speech  The second part is called the follow-on sentence

 The follow-on sentence will not begin with a

capital letter
 “You guys are hopeless,” shouted the captain,
“and are going to cost us the trophy!”
 What is Indirect/Reported Speech?

 Is also referred to as reported speech

Indirect/  Used to repeat a conversation after it
Reported Speech
has taken place
 What do we need to know when using indirect
speech?

1. Punctuation:
 Remove the quotation marks, question marks,
Indirect/ and the capital letters
Reported Speech
 Do NOT remove the capital letter when the first
word in the opening quotation mark is a proper
noun – i.e. A name or place
 Mom asked, “Who finished the milk?”

 Mom asked who had finished the milk.

 What do we need to know when using indirect
speech?

2. Pronouns:
 Pronouns change to ensure that the sentence
Indirect/ retains its meaning
Reported Speech
 Replace first-person pronouns (‘I/we’) with
third-person pronouns (‘he/she/they’)
 Joshua said, “I can’t find my charger.”

 Joshua said that he couldn’t find his charger.

 What do we need to know when using indirect
speech?

3. Introductory Verbs + That:

 Insert the word that to link the introductory
Indirect/ verb to the words spoken
Reported Speech
 Followed by words such as: says, said,
stated, declared, exclaimed, complained
etc.
 Joshua said that he couldn’t find his charger.
 What do we need to know when using indirect
speech?

4. Tenses of the introductory verb:

Indirect/ a) If the introductory verb is in the presence

Reported Speech tense, report the speech as if it has just been
said
 Joanne says, “I am feeling dizzy today.”

 Joanne says that she is feeling dizzy today.

 What do we need to know when using indirect
speech?

4. Tenses of the introductory verb:

b) If the introductory verb is in the past tense,
Indirect/ report the speech in the past tense by putting
Reported Speech them one stage back in terms of tense
 Joanne said, “I am feeling dizzy today.”

 Joanne said that she was feeling dizzy that

day.
 Changing modals in indirect/reported speech:
Present tense Past tense
Here There

This That

Now Then
Indirect/
Ago Before
Reported Speech
Today That day

Yesterday The previous day

The day before yesterday Two days ago

Tomorrow The following/next day

 Adverbs of time & place change in the past tense:

Shall Should
Indirect/ May Might
Reported Speech
Can Could

Must Had to

Will Would