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05 Lecture
Chapter 5
Thermochemistry
James F. Kirby
Quinnipiac University
Hamden, CT
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Energy Use and the World Economy
o Energy production and consumption (in quadrillion Btu) in the United States during
the year 2003
o 1 BTU : 1055 J
o 1,000,000,000,000,000 (quadrillion)
o NGPL: Natural Gas Plant Liquid
o Residential, 22%
o Commercial, 18%
o Industrial, 33%
o Transportation, 27%
Summary of the generation and consumption of electricity in the United States during the year 2003.
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
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Thermochemistry
E = Efinal − Einitial
Thermochemistry
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Thermochemistry
o That is, E = q + w.
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
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Thermochemistry
w = −PV
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Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
• A process is
endothermic
when H is
positive.
• A process is
exothermic when
H is negative.
Thermochemistry
The change in
enthalpy, H, is the
enthalpy of the
products minus the
enthalpy of the
reactants:
H = Hproducts − Hreactants
Thermochemistry
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q = Ccalorimeter T
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Thermochemistry
1) Decomposition of propane to
the elements:
C3H8(g) 3 C(graphite) + 4 H2(g)
Thermochemistry
2) Formation of CO2:
3 C(graphite) + 3 O2(g) 3 CO2(g)
Thermochemistry
3) Formation of H2O:
4 H2(g) + 2 O2(g) 4 H2O(l)
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
H = nHf,products – mHf°,reactants
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry