EARTHQUAKE WAVES

Quarter 2, Module 3
OBJECTIVES
After going through this module, you are expected to:
 Explain how earthquake waves provide information about the

interior of the Earth (S8ES-11c-17).

Specifically, you are to:
 Identify and describe the properties of earthquake waves;
 Describe how primary wave (P wave) and shear wave (S wave)

move through the Earth’s interior;

 Name and describe the layers of the Earth using seismic waves;

and;
 Explain how seismic waves determined the layers of the Earth

interiors.
EARTHQUAKE: SEISMIC WAVES
 Earthquakes are caused
when energy is released as
the lithosphere (crust and
upper mantle) of the Earth
moves.
 Energy is emitted in the
form of waves.
 A seismograph record these
waves on a seismogram.
 When an earthquake is
recorded, it is called an
“earthquake” event.
SEISMIC WAVES: BODY WAVES
There are two types of waves:
1. Primary waves (P waves), the first seismograph records.
It is the fast wave that can be called push or pull wave,
because it moves by contracting and expanding along a
horizontal path.
SEISMIC WAVES: BODY WAVES
There are two types of waves:
2. S- waves are shear waves and move from side-to-side. S-
waves are slower than P-waves. The particle motion in
shear waves is perpendicular to the direction of the
wave.
 SEISMIC WAVES: SURFACE WAVES

There are two types of surface waves:

1. Love waves (Q-waves)- cause horizontal
shifting of the earth during an earthquake and
shake things from side to side.
2. Rayleigh waves- are rolling surface waves that
make you feel as if you are struggling to keep
your balance on a ship in the open ocean.
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