GOOD

AFTERNOON!!!
WHAT WILL YOU DO TONIGHT?

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO TONIGHT?

WHAT SHOULD YOU PRIORITIZE FIRST,
THE THINGS THAT YOU WANT TO DO
OR THAT THINGS THAT YOU SHOULD
DO?
KEVIN: Hi girls! Something big is waiting for us!

LARA: What is it this time? One would think you have won in the lotto on
your face…

KEVIN: What father has promised to give me after graduation is worth more
than that. It is tour of the south. Imagine! And of course you are all invited.
How much fun we would have if we all go.

LANZ: A tour! My parents might object if I will join the trip. It would cost
much. It could mean spending so much for myself alone. I will have to do a
lot of persuasion with my parents to be able to go.
JOY: Your parents can afford the expense, can’t they? You talk as if we didn’t
know how well-to-do your family is.

KEVIN: But travelling is educational. We must know everything about our

country and get acquainted with our own people. There’s no better way to learn
about these things than to travel.

JOY: There indeed is no substitute for travel. This tour should prove enriching. It
should be expensive to be sure but the experience should be rewarding in many
ways.

LANZ: We still have a month to consider that matter. Meanwhile, we have to

concentrate on nothing
Else but our finals or there wouldn’t be any graduation for us.
When LANZ said that his parents might object when he
joins the trip, does ‘might’ suggests probability or that
it would likely happen?

How about when JOY said that LANZ’ parents can

afford the expense, does this mean that LANZ’ can able
to pay his expense for the trip? What does the modal
‘can’ express?
When KEVIN said that they must know everything
about their country and get acquainted with our people,
from the word ‘must’, what does it suggest?
MODALS – are used as auxiliary verbs that give
special meaning to the verbs they go with. They are
used to give advice, seek or give permission, make
suggestions, make polite request, give invitations, and
different degrees of possibilities and probabilities.
MODAL VERBS – always come first in the verb
phrase and are followed by a bare infinitive. When
we used with a perfect infinitive, modal verbs
usually refer to past time (could, would, might and
should).
Examples:

I could hear the dog barking outside.

= modal + simple bare infinitive

You must be joking.

= modal + continuous bare infinitive
 He may have caught the train.

= modal + perfect bare infinitive

You must have been waiting for hours.

= modal + perfect continuous bare infinitive
MODAL VERBS – takes no –s in the third
singular person singular.

He might be at the office.

She can understand the situation.

MODAL VERB EXPRESSING EXAMPLES
MUST STRONG OBLIGATION You must stop when the
LOGICAL traffic lights turned red.
CONCLUSION / He must be very tired. He’s
CERTAINTY been working all day long.
MUST NOT PROHIBITION You must not smoke in the
hospital.
CAN ABILITY I can swim.
PERMISSION Can I use your phone
POSSIBILITY please?
Smoking can cause cancer.
MODAL VERB EXPRESSING EXAMPLES
COULD ABILITY IN THE PAST When I was younger I
POLITE PERMISSION could run fast.
POSSIBILITY Excuse me, could I just
say something.
It could rain tomorrow.

MAY PERMISSION May I use your phone

POSSIBILITY, please?
PROBABILITY It may rain tomorrow.
MIGHT POLITE PERMISSION Might I suggest an idea?
POSSIBILITY, I might go on holiday to
PROBABILITY Australia next year.
MODAL VERBS EXPRESSING EXAMPLES
NEED NOT LACK OF I need not buy tomatoes.
NECESSITY/ABSENCE There are plenty of
OF OBLIGATION tomatoes in the fridge.

SHOULD/OUGHT TO 50% OBLIGATION I should/ought to see a

ADVICE doctor. I have a terrible
LOGICAL headache.
CONCLUSION

HAD BETTER ADVICE You’d better revise your

lesson.
 Could you please bring me more coffee?

Can you lend me your book?

Will you get the door for me, please?

Would you help me carry turn on the light?

Can – indicates ability.

I can do it.

Could – indicates ability with an option.

I could do it.
Will – indicates a willingness to do something
in the future.
I will give you another opportunity.
They will arrive at 10 am.
Would – general or repeated willingness in the past.
Also indicates preference in the present.
If you did not leave, I would still be taking
care of you.

We thought that people would buy this book.

If I were you, I would not do it.

I would like to make a toast..

May I borrow your book?

Can I borrow your book?

All employees may take the day off.

All employees can take the day off.

FUNCTION IDENTIFICATION – you will identify
the functions of the modals based on how it is used in
the sentence. Choices will be given after the sentence
will be flashed. The representative should write the
group’s answer in the white board. All boards should
be raised after five seconds. The group with the
correct answer will be given 2 points.
1. May I use your mobile phone?

a. Asking for advice

b. Asking for permission
c. Making a suggestion

2. I can speak English.

a. Expressing possibility
b. Expressing obligation
c. Expressing ability
3. I think you should see a doctor.

a. Expressing a probability
b. Giving advice
c. Making a request

4. Could you please pick me up at the airport?

a. Polite request
b. Giving advice
c. Make a request
5. He must be very tired .

a. Expressing a probability
b. Logical
c. Making a request
MODALS IDENTIFICATION - write the appropriate
modals that should be used in each sentences. Choices
will still be given after the sentences are flashed.
1. Do you ______ become member of the
tennis club if you want to play?
a. Have to
b. Need to
c. Might to
2. Take an umbrella. It _______ rain later.

a. Need
b. Should
c. might

3. Students _______ borrow DVDs from the

library.
a. can
b. may
c. might
4. ______ you tell me where the bank is, please?

a. Can’t
b. Should
c. Could
5. It’s a hospital. You _______ smoke.
a. Mustn’t
b. Shouldn’t
c. Couldn’t
E-CHOOSE – you are going to choose the
correct form of the sentence using the
correct usage of modal verb.
Choose the correct one:

1. You call must the police!

2. You must call the police!

3. Must you call the police!

Choose the correct one:

1. I’ll had to call her later.

2. I’ll have call her later.

3. I’ll have to call her later.

Choose the correct one:

1. You can lend me five pounds?

2. Could lend me five pounds?

3. Can you lend me five pounds?

LAST ACTIVITY
Two clean sheets of bond paper, each group should write
at least two rules that should be done inside the classroom.
Be sure to make those two rules in sentences. You may use
the modals must, should, and have to. You are given 5
minutes to finish your output. Afterwards, all answers
from each group will be posted on the board.