Active

And
Passive
Voice
 Active Voice
Active voice :- Sentences in which the subject
performs the action and the object receives it are
said to be in the active voice.
Example : Ridhima cut the cake.
Subject Verb Object
Some more examples :a. They sang a song .
b. The carpenter was cutting
wood.
 Passive voice
When the verb in a sentence shows that the subject
is not the doer of the action , the sentence is in the
passive voice.
Some examples of passive voice :
a. The cake was cut by Ridhima.
b. A song was sung by them.
c. The portrait was sketched by the artist.
 Important Facts
Transformation of sentences from the active to passive form can be
easily done if few points are kept in mind but . But we should always
remember that sentences with intransitive verbs (without an object)
cannot be transformed into passive voice.
Example : Riya threw (the) ball .
verb object
Passive voice : The ball was thrown by Riya.
• Only those sentences in the active voice that have transitive verbs and
therefore objects, can be changed into the passive voice.
• Future continuous and perfect continuous tenses do not have passive
forms.
• Ditransitive verbs can have two passive forms because they have two
objects.
 Changing active voice into passive voice
• The object of the verb in the active voice become the subject in the
passive voice.
Example : They played cricket.
Cricket was played by them.
• The form of the verb is changed in accordance with the tense.
Example : The children ate it.
It was eaten by the children.
• The subject of the active voice it changed as : by + agent in the
passive voice.
Example : They sing a song.
A song was sung by them.
Change of verb forms in passive voice and active
voice
Simple present tense
Active : call/calls Passive : is/ am/ am called
Example: Ridhima eats biscuits every evening. (active)
Biscuits are eaten by Ridhima every evening. (passive)
Simple past tense
Active : called Passive: was/were called
Examples: (a) The artist sketched the portrait. (active)
The portrait was sketched by the artist. (passive)
(b) He packed the vases. (active)
The vases were packed by him. (passive)
Simple future tense
Active : will call Passive : will be called
Example: The old lady will distribute blankets among the needy families.
(active)
Blankets will be distributed by the old lady among the needy families. (passive)
Present continuous tense
Active: is/are/am calling
Passive: is/are/am being called
Example: Saroj is calling Geeta to the garden. (active)
Geeta is being called by Saroj to the garden. (passive)
Past continuous tense
Active : was/were calling Passive voice : was/were being called
Example: The carpenter was cutting wood. (active)
Wood was being cut by the carpenter. (passive)
Present perfect tense
Active : has/have called Passive has/have been called
Example: The rickshaw drivers have declared a strike. [active]
A strike has been declared by the rickshaw drivers. (passive)
Past prefect tense
Active ; had called Passive ; had been called
Example ; The officers had informed the minister about the complete
project. [active]
The minister had been informed by the officers about the
complete project. [passive]