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  • PBL D-1

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    Nishan Adhikari
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    This document summarizes laboratory methods for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. There are invasive tests that involve endoscopy to obtain biopsy samples, such as rapid urease testing, microscopy using Gram's or Giemsa staining, and bacterial culture. Non-invasive options include the urea breath test, stool antigen testing, and serology to detect antibodies. The urease test detects breakdown of urea by H. pylori urease within biopsy tissue. Microscopy identifies the bacteria's morphology and culture grows it under microaerophilic conditions. The breath test uses carbon isotope tracking and antigen/antibody tests detect H. pylori proteins. Both invasive and non-invasive options are

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    This document summarizes laboratory methods for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. There are invasive tests that involve endoscopy to obtain biopsy samples, such as rapid urease testing, microscopy using Gram's or Giemsa staining, and bacterial culture. Non-invasive options include the urea breath test, stool antigen testing, and serology to detect antibodies. The urease test detects breakdown of urea by H. pylori urease within biopsy tissue. Microscopy identifies the bacteria's morphology and culture grows it under microaerophilic conditions. The breath test uses carbon isotope tracking and antigen/antibody tests detect H. pylori proteins. Both invasive and non-invasive options are

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    3 views9 pages

    PBL D-1

    Uploaded by

    Nishan Adhikari
    This document summarizes laboratory methods for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. There are invasive tests that involve endoscopy to obtain biopsy samples, such as rapid urease testing, microscopy using Gram's or Giemsa staining, and bacterial culture. Non-invasive options include the urea breath test, stool antigen testing, and serology to detect antibodies. The urease test detects breakdown of urea by H. pylori urease within biopsy tissue. Microscopy identifies the bacteria's morphology and culture grows it under microaerophilic conditions. The breath test uses carbon isotope tracking and antigen/antibody tests detect H. pylori proteins. Both invasive and non-invasive options are

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Laboratory Diagnosis

    of Helicobacter pylori

    Presented by : ‘Group D’
    ● Diagnosis of H. pylori infection may be established by
    invasive and non invasive methods

    Invasive Non-Invasive
    1. Rapid urease test 1. Urea breath test

    2. Microscopy 2. Stool antigen test

    3. Culture 3. Serology

    4. Biochemical Test
    A.Invasive type
    Endoscopy : Biopsy reveals pathological changes and mucosa for
    isolation of H. pylori
    Transport medium : Stuart’s medium

    1. Rapid urease test :


    - A portion of biopsied tissue is placed into a small
    quantity of urea-containing broth to which a pH
    indicator has been added. If the tissue contains H.
    pylori, the urease released by the organism will
    breakdown urea and generate ammonia within a
    few minutes to 2 hours
    2. Microscopy :
    - Gram’s staining : Spiral shaped,
    Gram negative bacilli
    - Giemsa staining : Pink bacteria
    - Warthin-Starry silver stain

    3. Culture :
    - Specimen should be placed directly in transport media like stuart’s
    transport medium to avoid drying
    (NOTE: Culture of gastric mucosa is not done for diagnosis but done when
    sensitivity tests are necessary or typing is required for epidemiological purposes)
    - Skirrow’s media and Chocolate agar
    (convex, translucent)
    - Brucella Agar with 5% sheep blood.
    (Incubate : 37C for 3-5 days; Translucent Colonies)
    Optimal growth occurs in microaerophilic environment
    (require 5% O2) Catalase Positive

    Capnophilic so require 5-10% CO2

    4. Biochemical test Catalase Negative

    - Catalase : Positive
    - Oxidase : Positive
    (distinguish H. pylori from enterobacteriaceae)
    B. Non-Invasive Test
    1. Urea breath test :
    - Urea containing an isotope of
    carbon (14C) is fed to the
    patient. Breakdown of 14C-
    labelled urea generates carbon
    dioxide which can be traced in
    expired air
    2. Stool Antigen Test :
    - The test looks for antigens associated
    with H. pylori infection in the stool

    3. Serology:
    - ELISA is intended for the detection and
    qualitative determination of IgG
    antibodies to H. pylori in human serum. It
    is used as an aid in the diagnosis of
    H. pylori infection in persons with
    gastrointestinal symptoms
    Thank You
    Group Members :
    Sharad Mahaseth
    Mentors :
    Tilisma Karki Prof. Dr. Kebal Shrestha
    Satvajan Mahato Dr. Rajeev Yadav
    Abhishek Mabo
    Asish Karki
    Oasis Mandal
    Rupesh Kushwaha
    Shradha Mainali
    Tamanna Karki
    Shreya Khadka
    Surya Mahaseth
    Sidharth Kirti Reference -
    Samrachana Lama
    A Textbook of Microbiology.
    Yoel Limbu
    Sewani Mainali
    ( P Chakraborty,Apurva Shastry )

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