Surgical Setup & Design

Prep: Mr. Muhammad Usman

INU Peshawar

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KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
 Cesarean delivery.
 Endoscopic procedures
 Interventional radiographic procedure
 Laminar airflow
 Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) procedure
 Operating room (OR) A specialized room where the actual
surgery takes place. This room is one part of the restricted area
of the surgical suite.
 Sterile core A special room within the suite where sterile supplies
are stored for ease of use. This room is one part of the restricted
area of the surgical suite.

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Substerile room
Suite A collection of rooms that are used
interactively during a surgical procedure wherein
each room has a specific purpose (e.g., OR,
substerile room, scrub sink room, and sterile storage
core).
Thermal plume An invisible layer of heat
emanating from the equipment, team members, and
the patient that can change the airflow and
particulate distribution in the presence of laminar air
diffusers

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Types of Physical Plant Design
 Most surgical suites are constructed according to a
variation of one or more of four basic designs:
1) Central corridor, or hotel plan.
2) Central core, or clean core plan with peripheral corridor
3) Combination central core and peripheral corridor, or
racetrack plan.
4) Grouping, or cluster plan with peripheral and central
corridor

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1. Central corridor, or hotel plan.

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2. Central core with peripheral
corridor

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3. Combination central core and
peripheral corridor, or racetrack plan.

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4. Grouping, or cluster plan with
peripheral and central corridor

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Location
 The surgical suite is usually located in an area accessible to the
critical care surgical patient areas and the supporting service
departments.
 A terminal location is necessary to prevent unrelated traffic from
passing through the suite.
 A location on a top floor is not necessary for microbial control
because all air is specially filtered to control dust.
 Traffic noises may be less evident above the ground floor.
 Artificial lighting is controllable, so the need for daylight is not a
factor; in fact, daylight may be a distraction during the use of video
equipment and other procedures that require a darkened
environment.
 Most surgical suites have solid walls without windows

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Space Allocation and Traffic Patterns
 Space is allocated within the surgical suite to provide for
the work to be done, with consideration.
 The surgical suite should be large enough to allow for
correct technique yet small enough to minimize the
movement of patients, personnel, and supplies.
 Everyone—staff, patients, and visitors—should follow
the patterns in appropriate attire.
 Signs should be posted.

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 The surgical suite is divided into three areas that are
designated by the physical activities performed in each
area.
I. Unrestricted Area
II. Semirestricted Area
III. Restricted Area

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i. Unrestricted Area
 Street clothes are permitted.
 A corridor on the periphery accommodates traffic from
outside, including patients.
 This area is isolated by doors from the main hospital
corridor and elevators and from other areas of the
surgical suite.
 It serves as an outside-to-inside access area (i.e., a
transition zone).
 Traffic, although not limited, is monitored at a central
location.

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ii. Semirestricted Area
 Traffic is limited to properly attired, authorized
personnel.
 Scrub suits and head coverings are required attire.
 This area includes peripheral support areas, central
processing, and access corridors to the ORs.
 The patient’s hair is also covered.
 Bald heads are covered to prevent distribution of dead
skin cells and dander.

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iii. Restricted Area
 Masks are required to supplement OR attire where open
sterile supplies and scrubbed personnel are located.
 Sterile procedures are carried out in the OR.
 There are also scrub sink areas and substerile rooms or
clean core areas where unwrapped supplies are sterilized.
 Personnel entering this area for short periods, such as
laboratory technicians, may wear clean surgical cover
gowns or jumpsuits to cover street clothes.
 Hair covering is worn, and masks are donned as
appropriate.

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Zones of Surgical suite

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Thank You

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