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SAFE 773 Week 1
SAFE 773 Week 1
Planning Processes
Emergency Preparedness
An emergency is:
an unplanned event that can cause death or
significant injuries to employees or the
public,
or that can disrupt a business or its
operation, cause physical or environmental
damage or threaten the organization's
financial standing or public image.
Emergency Preparedness
Identifying and analyzing the potential events
and their impact on the organization are first
two steps in planning to manage an
emergency.
Emergency management involves, planning
then organizing then leading and controlling.
Classes of Disasters
Disasters can strike an organization in many
different ways.
Typically, disasters can be classified as:
Natural events
Technological events
Man-made events
Natural Events
Drought Biological
Fire Extreme heat/cold
Snow/ice/hail Flood/wind-driven water
Earthquake/land shift
Tsunami
Volcanic eruption
Windstorm/Tropical
Storm
Tornado
Landslide/mudslide
Hurricane
Dust/sand storm
Lightning storm
Technological Events
Fire codes
Identify Critical Products, Services
and Operations
Company products and services and the
facilities and equipment needed to produce
them
Products and services provided by suppliers,
especially sole source vendors
Lifeline services such as electrical power,
water, sewer, gas, telecommunications and
transportation
Identify Internal Resources and
Capabilities
Resources and capabilities that could be
needed in an emergency include:
Personnel — fire brigade, hazardous materials
response team, emergency medical services,
security, emergency management group,
evacuation team, public information officer
Equipment — fire protection and suppression
equipment, communications equipment, first aid
supplies, emergency supplies, warning systems,
emergency power equipment, decontamination
equipment
Step 3: Vulnerability
Assessment
The next step is to assess the vulnerability of
the facility
Vulnerability assessment is the process of
identifying and quantifying vulnerabilities in a
system.
Vulnerability is the probability and potential
impact of each emergency.
Conducting a Vulnerability
Assessment
The system being studied could be a physical
facility like a nuclear power plant , a computer
system , or a larger system (for example the
communications infrastructure or water
infrastructure of a region).
Vulnerability assessment has many things in
common with risk assessment .
Conducting a Vulnerability
Assessment
Assessments are typically performed
according to the following steps:
Cataloging assets and capabilities (resources) in a
system
Assigning quantifiable value and importance to the
resources
Identifying the vulnerabilities or potential threats to
each resource
Mitigating or eliminating the most serious
vulnerabilities for the most valuable resources
Vulnerability Assessment Tools
There are a variety of vulnerability assessment tools
available from various governmental agencies.
These tools are typically designed for a specific threat
such as chemical facilities, laboratories, transportation,
and businesses.
Vulnerability Assessment
Methodologies
There are many methodologies that can be used for
vulnerability assessment, including:
What-if / scenario analysis
Checklists
HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) Studies
FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analyses)
Fault Tree Diagrams
Decision Tree Analysis
Capability Assessment Readiness (CAR) for state
and local governments
Some are quantitative, some diagrammatic,
some complex and some simple.
FEMA’s Impact Analysis
One technique, explained in FEMA's impact-
driven model is known as Impact Analysis.
The Federal Emergency Management Agency
emphasizes assessment of the impact in
addition to identification of the emergency
type.
An Impact-Driven Model