SCIEN

CE 4
WEEK 2
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 OBJECTIVE
Describe the structures and
functions of the heart, lungs
and brain.
S4LT-11-a-b-1.1.1d.11

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 Know my name!

Heart Lungs Brain

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Find out!

What are the structures

and functions of the
HEART?

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 HUMAN HEART 1. The heart is a muscular organ about
the size of a man’s closed fist and is
STRUCTURES
roughly cone-shaped.
2. It is divided into two halves, the right-
hand side and the left-hand side.

3. It has four chambers, in the upper heart

the right and left atrium and in the lower
heart the right and left ventricles.

4. The heart wall has three layers,

endocardium (inner) myocardium
(middle) epicardium (outer).

5. It is enclosed in a pericardial sac

(pericardium).

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 FUNCTIONS OF HEART

1. The heart pumps blood around the body as the heart

beats.

2. It helps to transport oxygen and nutrients to the

tissues of the body.

3. The heart helps the body maintain a constant body

temperature.

4. It helps to remove carbon dioxide and other wastes

from the body.

5. It protects the body from infection and blood loss.

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Find out!

What are the structures

and functions of the
LUNGS?

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 STRUCTURES
LUNGS 1. Lungs are a pair of spongy, pinkish,
roughly cone-shaped organs.

2. Lungs is divided into two parts, the right

lung and the left lung.

3. The right lung is made up of three lobes,

upper lobe, middle lobe and lower lobe.

4. The left lung has two lobes to make

room for the heart.

5. It has two tubular branches called bronchi which divided into smaller branches
called bronchioles.

6. It consists of millions of alveoli found at the end of the bronchioles.

7. It is covered by a thin tissue layer called pleura.

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FUNCTIONS OF LUNGS

1. Lungs filter and purify the air.

2. They bring fresh oxygen into the

body.

3. They remove the carbon dioxide and

other waste gases from the body.
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Find out!

What are the structures

and functions of the
BRAIN?

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 HUMAN BRAIN
STRUCTURES
1. The brain is made up of billions of nerves cells.
2. It weighs about 1.25 kilograms and has a whitish-pink appearance with a
wrinkled surface.
3. Consists of three major parts, the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the
medulla oblongata or brain stem.
4. It has four lobes, the temporal, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes.
5. It has the hypothalamus and hippocampus.
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FUNCTIONS
1. The brain is the control center of the
body.
2. It receives information from the sense
organs.
3. It interprets the message it receives and
tells the concerned body parts what to do.
4. It can restore information in the
memory.

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 Why is the heart important to the human
body?

The heart is important because it pumps

blood around our body, delivering oxygen
and nutrients to your cells and removing
waste products.

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 How do lungs work?

Lungs bring fresh oxygen into the

body. They remove the carbon dioxide
and other waste gases that the body's
doesn't need.

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 Why is the brain important to the
human body?

The brain is arguably the most important organ

in the human body. It controls and coordinates
actions and reactions, allows us to think and feel, and
enables us to have memories and feelings—all the
things that make us human.

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 PAGE 6

structures functions
PUMPS BLOOD
HEART
LUNGS FILTER
PURIFY BRAIN
CONTROL CENTER

1. Keeping the vital organs HEALTHY: Exercise regularly, make complete rest, perform inhale and exhale , eat fruit and
vegetables, drink atleast 8-10 glasses of water daily.
2. Avoid unhealthy habits

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