Triangle Congruence

and Postulates
 OBJECTIVES
1. Discuss the idea of
congruence.
2. Identify corresponding
congruent parts of two

congruent triangles.
3. Illustrate congruent triangles
using congruence postulates
and theorems.
 RECAP
Complete Me!!!
Direction: Supply the missing word to
complete each statement

1. The intersection of
two planes is a
LINE
_________.
2. If two angles
are vertical
angles, then
they CONGRUENT
are____________
3. If two angles
form a linear pair
then they are
SUPPLEMENTARY
_____________
__.
4. All right
angles are
CONGRUENT
_________
5. Three
noncollinear
points determine
PLANE
a _______.
Activity
Place the numbered tangram to complete
the puzzle.

E
A
F
B
C
D
What is the main idea of the activity?
CONGRUENCE
having the same shape and size
denoted by
sign for similarity and
indicates the same shape
sign of equality and
indicates the same size
The Idea of a Congruence

Two geometric figures with

exactly the same size and
shape.
F

A C E D
 Figure 1 Figure 2

𝑮 𝑴
𝑫

𝟑
𝒔𝒒. 𝒄𝒎
𝑬 𝑭 𝑶
𝑲 𝑳

𝟑 𝒔𝒒. 𝒄𝒎
𝑯 𝑵 𝑷
𝑰

Figure 3
𝑨

𝑻
𝑩

𝑹
𝑺
 𝑨

𝑻
𝑩

𝑺
How much do you
need to know. . .

. . . about two triangles

to prove that they

are congruent?
 Corresponding Vertices

↔↔ 𝑇
↔↔𝑆
↔↔𝑅

Corresponding Sides Corresponding Angles

𝐴C ↔ 𝑇R ∠↔∠
𝐵C ↔ 𝑆R ∠↔∠
AB ↔ TS ∠↔∠
Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangle
are Congruent ( CPCTC)

Corresponding Sides

𝐴B ≅ 𝑇S
𝐵C ≅ 𝑆R
AC ≅ TR

Corresponding Angles
∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 ≅ ∆𝑻𝑺𝑹
∠≅∠
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑆
∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑅
 Corresponding Parts
B
E
F
A
C
D

Corresponding Vertices Corresponding Sides Corresponding Angles

A D AB DE ∠A ∠D

B E BC EF ∠B ∠E

C F AC DF ∠C ∠F

ΔABC Δ DEF
 Corresponding Parts
B
E
F
A
C
D

1. AB ≅ DE
2. BC ≅ EF
3. AC ≅ DF
4. ∠ A ≅ ∠ D ΔABC ≅ Δ DEF
5. ∠ B ≅ ∠ E
6. ∠ C ≅ ∠ F
Let’s Try This!
Show that the two triangles are congruent.

1. Corresponding
Sides

Corresponding
Angles
2.
Do you need all six ?

NO !

SSS
SAS
ASA
 TRIANGLE
CONGRUENCE
POSTULATE
The Triangle Congruence
Postulates &Theorems
FOR ALL TRIANGLES

SSS SAS ASA AAS

FOR RIGHT TRIANGLES ONLY

HL LL HA LA
1. SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence
Postulate

If the three sides of one

triangle are congruent to the
three sides of another
triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.
Side-Side-Side (SSS)
Example 2 ΔBIG ≅ Δ TOY

BI ≅ TO
IG ≅ OY
BG ≅ TY
Example 3

MA ≅ NB
AB ≅ BA
BM ≅ AN

ΔMAB ≅ Δ NBA
Example 4

LE ≅ LO

EV ≅ OV
VL ≅ VL

ΔLEV ≅ Δ LOV
2. SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence
Postulate

If the two sides and an included

angle of one triangle are
congruent to the corresponding
two sides and the included angle
of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
 Side-Angle-Side (SAS)
B
E

A F
C D

1. AB ≅ DE
2. ∠A ≅ ∠ D ΔABC ≅ Δ
3. AC ≅ DF DEF
included
angle
 Included Angle
The angle between two sides

∠ ∠ ∠
G I H
 Included Angle

Name the included angle:

E

YE and ES ∠
ES and YS E
∠
YS and YE S
Y S
∠
Y
Example 2

MO ≅
GO
∠ O≅∠ O

OA ≅ ON

ΔMOA≅ Δ GON
Example 3

BE ≅ TE

∠ E≅∠ E

ES ≅ ES

ΔBES≅ Δ TES
3. ASA (Angle-Side-Angle) Congruence
Postulate

If the two angles and the

included side of one triangle
are congruent to the
corresponding two angles and an
included side of another
triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.
 Angle-Side-Angle (ASA)
B
E

A F
C D

1. ∠A ≅ ∠ D
2. AB ≅ DE ΔABC ≅ Δ DEF
3. ∠ B ≅ ∠ E
included
side
 Included Side
The side between two angles

GI HI GH
 Included Side

Name the included side:

E

∠Y and ∠E YE
∠E and ∠S ES
Y S ∠S and ∠Y SY
 Angle-Angle-Side (AAS)
B
E

A F
C D

1. ∠A ≅ ∠ D
2. ∠ B ≅ ∠ E ΔABC ≅ Δ
3. BC ≅ EF DEF

Non-included
side
Example 2

∠S ≅ ∠ Z

ST ≅ ZN

∠T ≅ ∠
N
ΔSTR ≅ Δ
ZND
Example 3

∠H ≅ ∠ H

HF≅ HJ

∠F ≅ ∠
J
ΔHFG ≅ Δ
HJI
Warning: No AAA Postulate
There is no such
thing as an AAA
postulate!

E
B

A C F
D

NOT CONGRUENT
The Congruence Postulates
☞SSS correspondence
☞ASA correspondence
☞SAS correspondence
Name That Postulate
(when
possible)

SAS
ASA

SSA SSS
 Name That Postulate
(when
possible)

AAA
ASA

SAS SSA
 Name That Postulate
(when
possible)

Vertical
Angles
Reflexive
Property SAS SAS

Vertical Reflexive
Angles SAS Property SSA
Name That Postulate
(when
possible)
Name That Postulate
(when
possible)
Example 1

A
 Given the markings on
the diagram, is the
C pair of triangles
B congruent by one of
D the congruency
theorems in this
lesson?
E
F
Example 2

A  Given the markings on

the diagram, is the pair
of triangles congruent
C by one of the
B congruency theorems
in this lesson?
D
E

F
Example 3

A  Given the markings on

the diagram, is the pair
of triangles congruent
C by one of the
B congruency theorems
in this lesson?
D
 D
Example 4
• Why are the two
triangles congruent?

F SAS
E
• What are the
corresponding
A
vertices?

A   D
C C   E
B B   F
 Example 5
A
• Why are the two
triangles
congruent?
SSS
D B

• What are the

corresponding
vertices? A   C
ADB   CDB C
ABD   CBD
Example 6 B C

• Given AB CD
: BC AD
A D
Are the triangles congruent?
Why?
AB CD S
BC DA S
AC CA S
Example 7 Q P

• Given PS  QR T
:
mQSR = mPRS = 90°
S R
 Are the Triangles Congruent?
Why?
QSR  PRS = 90° R
QR  PS H
SR  RS S
 ACTIVITY
Indicate the additional information needed
to enable us to apply the specified
congruence postulate.

For ASA: ∠B ≅
For SAS: ∠ D
AC ≅
For AAS:
FE
∠A ≅
∠F
 Indicate the additional information needed
to enable us to apply the specified
congruence postulate.

For ASA:

For SAS:

For AAS: