Stimulants are performance enhancing drugs that increase activity in the brain and nervous system. Studies have shown that stimulants like caffeine can improve cycling performance. Amphetamines increase strength, power, and endurance but are banned substances. Stimulant use can have both benefits like increased metabolism and muscle growth, but also health risks like addiction, paranoia, and violent behavior. Athletes have been banned for life for stimulant use like Ben Johnson who won gold at the 1988 Olympics but was later stripped of his medal after testing positive for steroids.
Stimulants are performance enhancing drugs that increase activity in the brain and nervous system. Studies have shown that stimulants like caffeine can improve cycling performance. Amphetamines increase strength, power, and endurance but are banned substances. Stimulant use can have both benefits like increased metabolism and muscle growth, but also health risks like addiction, paranoia, and violent behavior. Athletes have been banned for life for stimulant use like Ben Johnson who won gold at the 1988 Olympics but was later stripped of his medal after testing positive for steroids.
Stimulants are performance enhancing drugs that increase activity in the brain and nervous system. Studies have shown that stimulants like caffeine can improve cycling performance. Amphetamines increase strength, power, and endurance but are banned substances. Stimulant use can have both benefits like increased metabolism and muscle growth, but also health risks like addiction, paranoia, and violent behavior. Athletes have been banned for life for stimulant use like Ben Johnson who won gold at the 1988 Olympics but was later stripped of his medal after testing positive for steroids.
Stimulants are performance enhancing drugs that increase activity in the brain and nervous system. Studies have shown that stimulants like caffeine can improve cycling performance. Amphetamines increase strength, power, and endurance but are banned substances. Stimulant use can have both benefits like increased metabolism and muscle growth, but also health risks like addiction, paranoia, and violent behavior. Athletes have been banned for life for stimulant use like Ben Johnson who won gold at the 1988 Olympics but was later stripped of his medal after testing positive for steroids.
Class of psychoactive drug that increases activity in the brain. Studies in cyclist have shown faster cycling time Pyschoactive drug is a chemical substance that changes a person’s mental state by affecting the way the brain and nervous system trials after caffeine ingestion. works. Amphetamines are chemically synthesized, They work on the central nervous system to increase alertness, controlled substances.They increase strength, concentration, metabolic rate, power, strength, and to decrease muscular power, and endurance. Amphetamines fatigue are banned by IInternatinal Olympic Commitee. They speed up the messages travelling between the brain and the body. Methods of consumption: vaping(nicotine), snorting(cocaine), inhalation, injection and orally. Examples- caffeine, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, MDMA (ecstasy), and Many stimulants can be addictive phenylephrine.anabolic steroids, androstenedione, human growth hormone, erythropoietin, diuretics, creatine a STIMULANT USE PROS ● Increase muscle mass and strength ● Increase metabolism rate ● Increase testosterone levels which increases aggressiveness in sport ● Reduce tiredness and fatigue
● Reduce muscle damage during hard work- ● Increase alertness
outs ● Increase heart rate ● Improve recovery time
● The athletes body looks better because of
the muscle gain STIMULANT USE CONS ● Nervousness and irritability ● Long term negative effects:
● Insomnia ● Dependency, Addiction, Paranoia.
● Dehydration ● Hallucinations, Violent behavior,
● Impair fine motor control ● Compulsive drug-seeking behavior.
● Lead to impulsive decision making ● Respiratory problems, Loss of
coordination.
● Obsessive behavior. ATHLETE EXAMPLES: BEN JOHNSON
Canadian athlete who won the 1988 Olympics 100 meter
men’s final.He ran a then world record time of 9.79 seconds In July 2013, an American athlete Tyson Gay was meant to make but was found guilty of using stanozolol, a water-based Usain Bolt sweat in the 100-metre dash at the Moscow World steroid similar to the male hormone testosterone that could be Championships. Instead, Gay pulled out from the tournament for testing positive for a banned substance. taken by athletes to increase muscle mass, which can enhance an athlete’s performance. Sanction: the American was banned for a year and forfeited the Olympic silver medal he won as part of the United States 4×100 Sanction: Stripped of the gold medal and IAAF banned him meters team in London. from competing for life. BLOOD DOPING, EXOGENOUS DRUGS, ENDOGENOUS DRUGS, THERAPEUTIC USE EXEMPTIONS Endogenous drugs. These are substances that originate . Blood doping – refers to a handful of techniques used to increase an individual's oxygen carrying red from inside the human body.They include endogenous blood cells and in turn improve an athlete's opioids which act as pain relieving compounds that the performance. Commonly used in endurance sports. body can make by itself. Endogenous cholesterol is a Red blood cells shuttle oxygen through a person’s form of cholesterol produced by the liver in a person’s blood, therefore, any boost in their numbers can body. improve the amount of oxygen the blood can carry to a body’s muscles. The result is more endurance. Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUE) This is an Exogenous drugs – a drug for the body that is exemption that allows an athlete to use, for therapeutic derived from the outside or external influences and purposes only, an otherwise prohibited substance or not made internally by the hormones in the body method of administering a substance. Determining a itself. For instance, insulin taken by a diabetic somebody is exogenous insulin. TUE requires strict adherence to a sport governing body’s standards.