GRAMMAR REVIEW

VERB TO-BE
• MAIN VERB OR AUXILIARY VERB
• IRREGULAR  BE - WAS/WERE - BEEN
• ACCEPTS NOT (DO NOT USE AUXILIARY,
EXCEPT MODALS)
 WE DON’T ARE FRIENDS
 SHE WILL BE OK
 IT WOULD BE MY RUIN
 CONTINUOUS TENSES
• ACTIONS THAT ARE,
WERE OR WILL BE
IN PROGRESS INTO
A SPECIFIC TIME.
• TO BE AUXILIARY –
(AM, IS, ARE, WAS,
WERE, WILL BE)
• VERBS ING
 EXERCISES…
1. _____ that noise?
Do you hear / Are you hearing

2. My mom _____ a cake yesterday.

made / was making

3. They __________ at school tomorrow.

weren´t studying / won´t be studying
 CONTINUOUS TENSES…
Some verbs are not used with – ing. these are called
stative verbs. they talk about a state, not an action.
Like, love, hate, need, prefer, want, know, realize,
suppose, mean, understand, believe, remember, belong,
contain, consist, seem.
• I’m loving it.
I love it.
• I am knowing Michael for six years.
I have known Michael for six years.
 SIMPLE TENSES:
PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:
HABITS AND ROUTINES, FACTS, GENERAL TRUTH, FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS.
Auxiliary do-does

• AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
-DO NOT USE AUXILIARY
-3RD PERSON OF SINGULAR: S, ES, IES
TO THE VERB

• NEGATIVE SENTENCES AND QUESTIONS

- AUXILIARY DO / DOES (3RD PERSON)
- MAIN VERB IN BASE FORM (NO
CONJUGATED)
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
• Ben ______ (work) in a hospital every day.
• ____ you _____(like) fish?
• She _______ (not/teach) English .
• Carol and I never _____ (watch) television.
 SIMPLE PAST TENSE :
Completed actions in the past
Auxiliary did
• AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
• DO NOT USE AUXILIARY
• VERBS:
-REGULAR: -ED
-IRREGULAR: SING - SANG - SUNG
• NEGATIVE SENTENCES AND QUESTIONS
• AUXILIARY DID
• MAIN VERB IN SIMPLE FORM
(NO CONJUGATED)
 SIMPLE PAST TENSE
• They ____________ (study) that topic
yesterday
• My mom ______________ (not/work) last week.
• _________ you __________ (visit) the new
mall last month?
 SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Talk about the future, make predictions, talk about decisions, and to make
promises, offers, requests and threats.
Auxiliary will

AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS

• USE THE AUXILIARY

• MAIN VERB IN SIMPLE FORM (NO CONJUGATED)

• NEGATIVE CONTRACTION IS WON’T
 SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
• I_________ (pay) for the tickets by
credit card this afternoon.
•They __________ (not leave) until
they've seen the principal.
•_________ you _________ (come) to the
dance with me tonight?
 FUTURE: GOING TO
PRE-EXISTING INTENTION AND LOGICAL CONCLUSION
 FUTURE: GOING TO
• There is not milk, I _________ (buy) some.
• The sky is getting darker and darker.
It____________ (rain).
• The sky is blue . It ______ ( not / rain).
• ______ you ____________________ (speak)
with your mom?
SIMPLE TENSES GENERALITIES
• USUALLY YOU’LL FIND SIGNAL WORDS SUCH AS:
• YESTERDAY, LAST WEEK
• TODAY, USUALLY, OFTEN
• NEXT YEAR, TOMORROW

• TYPES OF QUESTIONS
• YES/NO QUESTIONS
• INFORMATION QUESTIONS

• SHORT ANSWERS TO YES/NO QUESTION

• YES, I DO – YES, SHE DID – YES, WE WILL
• NO, HE DOESN’T – NO, THEY DIDN’T – NO, IT
WON’T
 PERFECT TENSES
PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE
 PRESENT PERFECT
Use… - I _______ (live) in Evigado
for 5 years.
- Actions which

Aux. have/has + started in the past -

I ________ (read) that
past participle and are still book four times.
verb continuing.

- Single actions or - I _______ (lose) my keys.

repeated actions
* Haven´t / - People ____________
hasn´t - Actions in the past (not/travel) to Mars yet.
 PAST PERFECT

Use…
- Richard
Aux. had + To describe
________________(go)
past participle an action
when I arrived
verb finished
before - He ___________ (not
another past /finish)
* Hadn´t
action. his work yet.
 FUTURE PERFECT

Use…

Will have + - Actions - She _______ (learn)Chinese,

past participle that will be
verb completed before she moves to China.
before
another - We ___________(watch)
* won´t have
event takes that movie before you
place.