Professional Documents
Culture Documents
01 SAP Overview
01 SAP Overview
ERP Overview
Slide 2 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Purchase
Manufacturi Financ
ng e
Sales
Slide 3 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Tier I Component
Manufacturer
Vehicle OEM
Tier II Component
Supplier
Slide 4 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Decision support
and analysis
Processes
monitoring &
feedback
Administrativ
e registration
Slide 5 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Planning
Materials and Financ
Executio e
n
Engineering Sales
Human Resources
Slide 6 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Entails
- Parameterization / Configuration
- Designing & Customization
- Testing and Implementation
- Training
Slide 7 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 8 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Software Pricing
Licensing and pricing of mainframe based packaged applications are tied to the size of
mainframe system on which the applications run, but now customers are now
demanding user-based licensing options and major corporate applications like SAP
provide this instead of the conventional platform-based pricing technique
Slide 9 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Globalization
As businesses are becoming more global in scope, people are demanding packaged
corporate applications that are available in a variety of languages with support for
multiple currencies
Integration
As more and more companies are going for BPR, there is increase in demand for
integrated solution e.g.. different applications sharing a common database and thus
enabling data definitions and business rules to be applied across an entire organization
with the facility of doing modifications at one location only
Slide 10 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 11 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP R/3
Peoplesoft
Oracle
Baan
JD Edwards
Slide 12 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 14 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP AG – At a Glance
Slide 15 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 16 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SD FI
Sales & Financial
Distribution Accounting
MM CO
R/3
Materials Controlling
Mgmt.
PP TR
Product Treasury
Planning
QM
Quality
Client/Server PS
Project
PM ABAP/4 WF
Mgmt. System
Slide 17 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 18 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 19 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 20 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SD FI
Sales & Financial
Distribution Accounting
MM CO
R/3
Materials Controlling
Mgmt.
PP TR
Product Treasury
Planning
QM
Quality
Client/Server PS
Project
PM ABAP/4 WF
Mgmt. System
Slide 21 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Integration
Slide 22 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP
R/3
Slide 23 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SD Overview SD
Inquiry
Quotation Purchasing
Materials Planning
Sales Order Production
Pricing
Invoicing Transportation
Slide 24 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Provide Customer
(Documents) Create Delivery Note Quotations
- Optional -
- Check credit
-Check product availability Create Sales Order
- Determine pricing FI/CO/PA Support Customer
- Estimate delivery schedule MM Agreements
- Determine conditions of - Optional -
sale PP
(Activities)
Slide 25 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Order Entry
PP
FI MM FI
Credit Management
Dynamic Availability Check
Cash Forecast
?
OK
Slide 26 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Delivery/Shipment Processing
FI MM
WM
MM
Ship to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10
20
30
6301
6412
1507
10
10
25
Credit Management
.
.
. Delivery
Static Availability Check
.
Note
Picking
List
Picking
Packing
Transportation
Slide 27 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Picking/Packing
Sales Order
Delivery
Goods Issue
Slide 28 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Invoicing
CO
PA
CO
Profit Center Accounting/Profitability Analysis PCA FI
Accounts Receivable/General Ledger FI
Cash Forecast
Single Invoices
EDI
Collective Invoices
Invoice Lists
Credit/Debit Notes
Slide 29 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
MM Overview
SAP
R/3
MM Materials Management . .
Slide 30 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
MM Overview MM
Material requirement
planning
Slide 31 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
456
Inventory
Purchasing
Desc:---------------------
123
Inventory Raw Material - 456
Quality
Sales Information
Production Information
Desc:---------------------
Product - 123
Slide 32 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Slide 33 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Source List
Purchase Quotation
Quota Requisition
Arrangement
Source
Outline Determination Price History
Agreement Vendor Purchasing Data
Selection
Info Record
Purchase Invoice
Order Receipt
Goods Receipt
Slide 34 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Goods Movement
Ad hoc.
Goods
Receipt
Delivery Production
Inventory Inventory
Transfer
Posting
Goods Goods
Issue Issue
Slide 35 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Invoice Verification
CO FI
Orders / Projects /Cost centers
G/L accounts / Accounts payable Payment
Vendor
Vendor
Vendor
Vendor 3 invoiceinvoice Tolerance Check?
OK !
Blocked Invoice
e.g...
Invoice Release of
Verification Blocked Invoice
Delivery Invoice
Preliminary Posting
Automatic Price Update
Slide 36 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
PP Overview
SAP
R/3
PP Production Planning . .
Slide 37 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
PP
Production Planning Cycle
Sales and Operations Planning Master Data
Material Master
Master Production Scheduling Bill of Materials
Work Centers
Routings
PRT
Sales & Distribution Demand Management
Slide 38 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Archive/Delete Order
Determine Production Requirements
via MRP Output or Manually)
Settle Production Order
FI
CO Create production order
(via conversion of planned order
to production order or manually)
Transfer Produced Goods to Inventory
FI Check material availability
(Automatic)
Confirm production of
goods is completed Release Production Order
Slide 39 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Production Planning
Slide 40 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Deterministic Planning
Bill of
Material
Demands Explosion
3. Qrt 4. Qrt
Capacity Planning
Lot Sizing Procedures
Net Change
Slide 41 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Deterministic Consumption-Based
MRP Planning
Automatic Manual
Reorder Point Reorder Point
Slide 42 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Production Control
MM
FI CO
Goods Issue
Costs
Planned Orders
Slide 43 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
QM Overview
SAP
R/3
QM Quality Management . .
Slide 44 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
QM
QM Overview
R/3
Materials Controlling
PP
Mgmt. planning, inspection, AM
and control
Product
Planning for manufacturing Mgmt. and
Fixed Assets
procurement
QM PS
Quality Project
Mgmt. System
PM WF
Plant Mainte- Workflow
nance
HR IS
Human Industry
Resources Solutions
Slide 45 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
QM in Logistics QM
Goods receipt
History-dependent intensity of quality inspections
Production
• Inspection during production
• Defects recording in QM
• Control charts
Goods issue
• Quality management in SD (certifies quality)
Slide 46 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
PM Overview
SAP
R/3
PM Plant Maintenance . .
Slide 47 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
PM
Plant Maintenance - Overview
Master Data
Pre-defined External
work steps Services Material
Parts/Supplies Requisitions Reporting
Notifications
Create
Work Planned Schedule Close and
Orders Work Orders WO’s Settle WO
Emergencies
Labor Shop
Special
Tools Papers
Preventive/Predictive
Maint. WO’s
Slide 48 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
FI Overview
SAP
R/3
Fi Finance . .
Slide 49 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Components of FI FI
General Ledger
FI-GL
Special Ledger
FI-SL
Accounts Receivable
FI-AR
Legal Consolidation
FI-LC
Accounts Payable
FI-AP Asset Accounting
FI-AA
Slide 50 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Corporate Structure
Financial Financial Financial
Management Management Management
Area Area Area Corp. Group Level
Work Material
Place/Job Product
Slide 51 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Multiledger
Bank Accounts
Accounts Accounts
Payable Payables Receivables Receivable
General Ledger
Extended General Ledger
Invoice Credit
Verification Management
Consolidation
Slide 52 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
The Components of FI
Configuration Functionality
• Organizational Structures Documents/Transactions Fiscal Year
– Company Codes Posting Adjustments
– Business Area Payment Terms Balance Sheets/Income Statements
• Organization of Accounting Foreign Currency Closings
– Ledger/Sub-ledger Taxes On-Line Display
Special G/L Transactions Interest Calculation
• Chart of Accounts
Planning Correspondence
• Credit Control Payment Program Fixed Assets
– Setting Credit Limits Reporting Analysis
• Master Records Legal Consolidations
– G/L Accounts
– Customers Modules
– Vendors
– Banks General Ledger Special Ledger
Accounts Payable Legal Consolidations
• Chart of Depreciation
Accounts Receivable Credit Management
– Depreciation Areas
Asset Accounting Cash Management and Forecast
– Assets
Treasury
• Extended General Ledger
• Group Company
FI
• Number Ranges
Slide 53 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
CO Overview
SAP
R/3
CO Controlling. .
Slide 54 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
CO
Components of CO
CO Configuration CO Modules
Organization Structures • Cost Center Accounting • Profit Center Acctg.
• Order and Project Acctg. • Product Costing
Master Data
• Transaction-Based • Activity-Based Costing
Planning Setup Postings
• Product Costing
• Periodic Allocations
• Budgeting
Criteria and Values
• Profitability Analysis
Valuation • Business Planning
& Control
Functionality
• Settlement • Planning
• Internal Orders • Transaction-Based
Posting
• Open Item Management
• Periodic Allocations
• Profitability Analysis
CO • Overhead Management
• Monitoring Actual
Activities vs. Planned
Slide 55 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
PCA
Cost of Period
Report
Structure:
Controlling Profit
Center
GL
Accounts
Slide 56 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
FI Chart of Accounts CO
Slide 57 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Integration
Planned
Requirement PP SD
MM Customer
MRP Order
Requirement
on component Planned
Shipping
level Order
Purchase
Production
Order Invoicing
Order
Goods
Receipt Account
Receivable
Production
completed
Invoice
Verification FI
FI Order
Settlement CO
Accounts
Payable
Slide 58 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003
Which modules are involved?
© Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
ABAP
Programs
Organization Structure
Configuration Key Data Elements
Functionality Configurations
Slide 59 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
What is Customization ?
Customization
• the adaptation of application software to customer-
specific needs is accomplished in two ways :
Coding
Programming customer-specific code that replaces
or complements components of the application
Configuration
Rendering the application appropriate to a specific
customer by specifying data on which the
application operates
Slide 60 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Sales Purchasing
Organizations Organizations
Internal Logistics Valuation Areas
(MRP/Production)
Plants
Slide 61 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
Company
Plant
Code
Sales Purchasing
Area Organization
Slide 62 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
ABAP Programming
SAP R/3 applications are written in the ABAP programming language, and run within the application layer of the R/3
System.
ABAP programs communicate with the database management system of the central relational database (RDBMS),
and with the graphical user interface (SAPgui) at presentation level.
Slide 63 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP Solution
Slide 64 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP Solution
Specific company
SAP R/3 scope
requirements
Slide 65 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP Solution
New Functionality
Development
Slide 66 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
SAP Solution
New Functionality
Development
Non SAP
applications
Slide 67 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003
IBM Global Services
• Reports
• Interfaces
• Conversions
• Enhancements
Slide 68 ERP / SAP Overview | September 2003 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2003