FACTORS AFFECTING

THE
CLIMATE
LAMECO
W
 LAMECO
W

L IS
Lattitud
FOR
e
LATTITUDE

the angular distance north or south from the

equator of a point on the earth's surface.
HOW DOES LATTITUDE AFFECTS THE
CLIMATE?

• The farther the place from the equator,

the colder the climate becomes.
FROM WHICH LATITUDE
ZONE WHERE THIS
PICTURES TAKEN?
Rainforest
Tundra
Tropical Grasslands
 LAMECO
W

A IS
Air
FOR
Pressure
Air Pressure
• is the force exerted onto a
surface by the weight of the air.
• it is caused by the weight of all
air in the atmosphere pressing
down to earth.
• The unequal heating of earth’s
surface.
 HOW DOES THE AIR PRESSURE AFFECTS
THE CLIMATE?
• Air pressure in the weather system reflects the amount of water
in the air, which affects the weather.
• LOW air pressure usually results in BAD weather:
Stormy, cloudy overcast.

• HIGH air pressure tends to result in GOOD weather:

CLEAR skies, no precipitation.
 HOW DOES THE AIR PRESSURE AFFECTS THE
CLIMATE?

• Low pressure is warm, moist air. It raises and forms

clouds.
• High pressure is cold, dry air. It sinks and creates clear
skies.
 LAMECO
W

M IS
Mountain
FOR
Barriers
MOUNTAIN BARRIERS
• This creates a
phenomenon called
Orographic Effect or
Rainshadow.
 OROGRAPHIC EFFECT
• Wind containing the moisture hits the windward side of a
mountain.
• The moisture full of clouds to make it over the mountain so
precipitation occurs.
• After the rain the clouds have no moisture and are able to rise
over the mountain.
• The side away from the mountain is the leeward side.
• The leeward side of the mountain arid, it’s in the rainshadow and
is usually a desert.
 LAMECO
W

E IS
Elevatio
FOR
n
ELEVATION
• height above a given level,
especially sea level.
• also called the altitude.
 EFFECTS OF ELEVATION TO
CLIMATE

• As elevation increases, temperature decreases.

• As well as, as the elevation decreases, the temperature
increase.
 LAMECO

C IS
W

Continenta
FOR
l
CONTINENTAL
LOCATION
• The position of a location on a
continent relative to the ocean
determine whether it is a marine
or continental climate.
 CONTINENTAL LOCATION
• Large bodies of water are slower to heat and cool than land.
• As a result, water temperatures remains stable and
land temperature changes frequently.
• Coastlines have stable temperatures.
• Interior of the continent has extreme temperatures (hotter
and colder).
 LAMECO
W

O IS
Ocean
FOR
Currents
OCEAN CURRENTS
• Ocean currents are
giant rivers of sea
water flowing withing
the oceans.
 OCEAN
CURRENTS
Ocean currents flow in circular path:
1. Warm currents carry water from low to high altitudes. These
make land nearby warmer.
2. Cool currents carry water from high to low altitudes. These
make land nearby cooler.
 LAMECO
W
W IS FOR
Wind
Belts
WIND BELTS
• Wind is the movement of the
air from high pressure to low
pressure.
 TYPES OF WIND
BELTS
Trade Winds
• a wind blowing steadily toward the equator from the northeast in the
northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially
at sea.
• two belts of trade winds encircle the earth, blowing from the tropical high-
pressure belts to the low- pressure zone at the equator.
 TYPES OF WIND
BELTS

Westerlies
• a wind blowing from the west.
• the belt of prevailing westerly winds in the mid-latitudes of the
northern and southern hemispheres.
 TYPES OF WIND
BELTS
Polar Easterlies/Winds
• are the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high- pressure
areas of the polar highs at the North and South Poles towards low-
pressure areas within the Westerlies at high latitudes.
Map of Wind
Belts