Diffusion Power
The second theme explored in this
book is the diffusion of power
that would result from increased
accountability, competition
participation and empowerment of
civil society, and decentralization of
the locus authority. me aspects of
regulation are contracted out to
the private sector.
This generates greater political
demands on those in government.
The management of competing
societal interests between seeking
greater accountability and
transparency rent-seekers
complicates the task of governance.
In fact, the diffusion of power is
creating demands for greater
participation in policymaking and
implementation.
Economic development leads to
the involvement of multiple
actors or agents operating
outside the scope of state
authority. Open markets can lead
to the diffusion of political power.
Traditional sources of power are
being undermined by the
transformation of political
structures and hierarchies. In
particular, the power of local
oligopolies and other
concentrations of economic
power may decline with the
introduction of market-oriented
policies.
Tillah, in his study, notes that while
globalization does affect
state sovereignty through the
administration of the affairs of the
state, it is still the primary actor in
governance because of its influence,
scope, and power. However, there is
a need to recognize the growing
influence of the business sector and
civil society, and international.
Globalization has made the
notion of networks more
relevant. This has huge
implications for the state that
now must learn to work and
manage these networks.
Internationalization has led to a
“fragmented
policy-making arena,
permeated by transnational
networks as well
as by domestic agencies and
forces (Held and McGrew
2003).”
governance is a multilevel,
multistakeholder exercise of
governing functions, where
public policy results from
bargaining and negotiated
agreements among different
actors in the policy arena. He
observes that the services
sector is composed of
interdependent, autonomous,
and self-governing entities in
both the public and private
sector.
Leading private sector
organizations in Cebu City, such
as the Cebu Chamber of
Commerce and Industry, and
the Philippine Exporters
Confederation in Cebu take part
in proposing policies that would
enhance the development of
the business industry in the
city. According to Roldan, these
private sector organizations,
through their policy initiatives,
are able to participate in the
growth and development.
They maintain good relations with
the local governments
in the area, and as a result they are
allowed to concretely express which
policy direction the local
government should take to further
develop the industry. These private
sector organizations are able to
work together with the local
authorities to protect themselves
against the adverse effects of
globalization and reap its benefits.
.
This empowerment also means Iglesias explains that the use
that private sector groups and of ICT can also help to
civil society organizations can also
aid the government in helping the
facilitate
communities adjust to these good governance by
global changes that affect local compelling government
areas. As such , governance no agencies to increase
longer belongs to the government transparency and
alone. In the case of Cebu, private accountability
sector organizations worked
together with the government to
create policies that would allow
people to reap the
benefits of globalization