CE 327:

Building Design System

(Building Systems Design)

2 unit lecture
1 unit lab or practical/ fieldwork

Nahum L. Bravo MEng RCE

Lecturer
 TOPICS
Building Components and Systems , Codes and Regulations

Building materials, assembly , structural systems and its applications/

National Building Code (NBC) overview

Building Site and Foundation (shallow and deep)

Building Envelope system and assembly

Structural Systems

Building service systems

(plumbing, electrical, HVAC, water supply,vertical circulation,
lighting, sound and vibration ,security and fire protection system etc)
Fundamentals of building Cost

Miscellaneous topics
 Grading System
• Assessment
• Major Exam( midterm and finals)= 30%
• Quizzes = 30 %
• Performance Tasks (project, assignment, activity, recitation, seat
work output etc) = 40%

• Numerical Grading System

• Passing Grade = 3.0 (75%)
• Maximum grade 1.0 ( 99-100%)
• DR = dropped
• INC =incomplete lacks requirement
 Books and References
1 BUILDING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION HANDBOOK 6th ed
By Merrit and Rickets

2 Building Engineering and Systems Design

Merrit and ambrose 2nd ed

3 Fundamentals of Building Construction by Allen 6 th ed

4 .Codes for reference

• National building code
• National Structural Code of the Philippines
• Electrical Code of the Philippines
• National Plumbing Code
• Fire Code of the Philippines
• Sanitation Code of the Philippines
 Course Requirements
• Attendance
• Assessment
(quizzes, major exams, reports, projects, recitations, seatwork)

For Practical part, the following may be required of students:

Report on the Various Codes in the Philippines

• NBC
• NSCP
• Electrical Code
• Sanitation Code
• Plumbing Code
• Fire code etc
 Definition of Building Design System (BDS)
Building Design System (Building Systems Design) develops
knowledge of :
• 1.building materials
• 2. construction techniques (methodology/procedure)
• 3. building systems (structural, mechanical, electrical , plumbing etc) ,

To Adopt a building system approach which comply to the National

Building Code of the Philippines (NBC) and other referral codes

In Building Design System (BDS) , Building Construction is approached

by the engineer from a “Safety of life “stand point. (CHED 2017)
 In particular ,the study of BDS focuses on the following (3) areas:

• 1.Building construction, building

materials and its application, diverse
construction techniques , sustainability
principles
• 2.Building service systems (plumbing ,
architectural , structural , sanitation ,
electrical , vertical transportation, security
and fire protection, building enclosure,
interior finishes)
• 3.Compliance to Codes (National
Building Code of the Philippines) and
other relevant codes
 B. The 6 Types of Building Systems

• 1.Civil / Structural/Architectural engineering system (structural systems ,

beams columns walls slabs foundations , forms, function , locations etc)

• 2. Electrical system

• Power distribution a key element of electrical engineering in buildings.

• 3. Energy system

• Coal generated electricity, solar power and other alternative energy system
 continued
4. Mechanical system-HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems

. Fire protection as well as vertical transportation (elevator/ramp /escalator) are

components of mechanical systems also

5. Plumbing/ Sanitation system-

Water supply, plumbing, wastewater system,

7. Technology System- IT infrastructure , wireless internet access, telephone systems,

audio visual (AV) equipment, security and centralized clock systems.

 C. General Structural Components of a Building

• 1. Superstructure

part of building above its foundation.

columns, beams, slabs, walls, floors, doors ,

windows , roofs, etc.)

• 2.Substructure (foundation)
part of a structure that transmit the superstructure

load to the earth or rock, below ground level.

Supports the superstructure.

 Parts of a Building system

• 1. Foundation (substructure)-
the lowest and supporting layer of the entire

structure

• 2. Superstructure –

• 3. Exterior Wall –for thermal and

moisture protection
 continued
4. Interior Partitions – space planning and

sizes of space(living room , kitchen etc).

5. Mechanical Systems-air-conditioning,

heating, ventilation, plumbing

electrical, fire alarm system, conveyance and

communications systems among others.

6. Furnishings- furnitures, lighting,

 E. General Types of Structure Loads on a Building

( 1)Dead load: -
permanent loads (slabs, columns etc)

• Constant magnitude and location.

(2)Live load: -

non permanent loads , people, cars

machines

value / location of live load changes .

 Environmental (live loads)
• Wind load: - It is the load or force on the

building due to the movement of wind.

• Snow load: - This is a special type of load

which comes on buildings in very cold climates

• Earthquake load: - The movement of

earth due to earthquake causes a huge force on

the building which is known as earthquake load.

•
 F. Building Codes: An Overview
• set of rules/ regulations that govern
design, construction, alteration, and maintenance of buildings

and structures.

• minimum requirements to safeguard the

health, safety, and welfare of building occupants.

from Poor construction

Low quality materials

Natural disasters , earthquake , fire etc

• .
 Building Official
• Code enforcement is the
responsibility of local
government building officials

• The Building official

• review design plans,

• inspect construction work, and
• issue building and occupancy
permits
 Building Codes also include regulations on the following areas:

• 1. Parking and traffic rules

• Size of average parking are is 2.4mx5m for perpendicular or

diagonal parking.

• 2mx6m for parallel parking.

• Truck or bus parking shall have minimum of 3.6mx12m.

• 2. Fire code rules to minimize the risk of a fire and

to ensure safe evacuation in the event of such an

emergency

• Section 10.2.5.2 Exit components shall be constructed as an integral part of the

• building or shall be permanently affixed thereto

• 3. Requirements for

earthquake, hurricane,

tornado, flood, and

tsunami resistance,

especially in disaster

prone areas .

• NSCP 208.4.4.3
• 4. Requirements for specific building uses

• (for example, storage of flammable substances, or housing a

large number of people)

 continued

• 5. Energy provisions and consumption

• 6. Materials Specifications

• 7. Allowable installation / construction

methodologies
 8. Minimum and maximum room sizes and exit

(window /door) sizes and location

1. The minimum sizes of rooms and their least
horizontal dimensions shall be as follows: 6:00
square (65 square feet) with at least nominal
dimension of 2.00 meters (6 feet 7 inches) for rooms
for human habitation; 3.00 square meters (32 square
feet) with a least horizontal dimension of 1.50
meters (5 feet) for kitchens; and 1.20 square meters
(12 square feet) with a least horizontal dimension of
0.90 meter (3 feet) for bathrooms.
• 9. Qualification of individuals or corporations doing the work
 G. Examples of Building Codes used in the Philippines

1. ACI American Concrete Institute Code-

Building Code Requirements for Reinforced

Concrete Building Construction,

It is a a basis of the NSCP , National Structural

Code of the Philippines

 2 .ASTM

ASTM- American Society for

Testing and Materials- code

utilized in testing of materials

such as cement, aggregates,

soil , steel, wood etc.

 3. AISC code

AISC Code –American Institute

of Steel Construction- code

followed for for Structural Steel

building Construction
 4. NSCP
4.National Structural Code of the
Philippines (NSCP)
• this Code shall apply to the design,
location, , construction, alteration,
repair, conversion, use, occupancy,
maintenance, moving, demolition
of, and addition to public and
private buildings and structures
 5. National Building Code (NBC)
5.National Building Code of the
Philippines
• Based on Republic Act. No. 6541,
entitled “An Act to Ordain and Institute
a National Building Code of the
Philippines”

• For the design, construction, alteration,

repair, use, occupancy,location ,
maintenance, moving, demolition of,
buildings and structures,
• end