Geography

India’s changing relationships with the wider

world

Mr Foster
Geography

India’s changing relationships with the wider

world

Mr Foster
India’s changing level of development

3
India’s level of development has improved
significantly
India 1980 India 2018

GNI per capita $270 GNI per capita $2,130

Life Life
54 years 69 years
expectancy expectancy

Literacy rate 40% Literacy rate 74%

HDI score 0.36 HDI score 0.65

4
India’s increasing importance to global trade

5
India’s role in global trade
India has the second largest population in the world, at around 1.3
billion.

This means India has two advantages in global trade - a very large
workforce, and a large market for products.

6
India’s role in global trade

India has a secondary sector that

has grown in recent decades.

It is also well linked to global trade

routes via major ports, like
Mumbai, which has access to the
Indian Ocean.
Credit: Wikimedia Commons - Eutrophication&hypoxia - Cargo dock at Mumbai Port

7
 Credit: Map data ©2020, ORION-ME, Google, SK Telecom

8
India’s role in global trade
As a result of the large coastline, India is able to trade with many
countries around the world. There are a large number of imports and
exports that are worth hundreds of billions of US$ each year.

Imports - products brought into a country from overseas.

Exports - products made in a country and then sold in other countries.

9
India’s role in global trade

Credit: Wikimedia Commons - M Tracy Hunter - India’s export and import commodities 2013-14

10
India’s top trading partners are China and the USA - currently the two
biggest economies in the world.

Credit: Mr Foster

11
Pause the video to complete your task
Task: Calculate the difference between India’s largest Asian and European
trading partners - China and Switzerland. (1 mark)
 Did you get?
Calculate the difference between India’s largest Asian and European trading partners -
China and Switzerland.

China’s trade with India - $84 billion

Switzerland’s trade with India- $20 billion

84 billion - 20 billion = 64 billion

The difference between China and Switzerland’s trade with India is $64 billion.

13
How have India’s economic relationships
with other nations developed?

14
 Since 1991, India has been improving economic
relationships by forming trade alliances. These
are agreements between countries to reduce
tariffs when they trade with each other.

The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement is an

example of this that includes India, Bangladesh,
China, South Korea and Sri Lanka.
Credit: Handshake icon - Microsoft

15
 In 2014, over 3,000 TNCs were operating in India.
In 2015, these companies brought $44 billion of
foreign direct investment into the country.

Today, many Indian TNCs are operating all over

the world. Tata Steel is an Indian TNC that owns
and operates a large steelworks in the south of
Wales.
Credit: Factory icon - Microsoft

16
How have India’s political relationships with
other nations developed?

17
 India has strong political
connections with the nearby
countries in the south and southeast
Asia regions.

India is also playing a growing role

in global politics, and is an
important member of the United
Nations.

Credit: Wikimedia Commons - Ms Sarah Welch - A portrait of the Prime Minister of India

18
 India has had a long-running conflict with
Pakistan and China over their borders. This
has led to tension between the three
countries, and increased the risk of
escalation.

India developed the Act East policy, which

has increased its influence in southeast Asia,
and provides security for the region.
Credit: Wikimedia Commons - Planemad- India Pakistan China Disputed
areas map

19
India also helped to coordinate and pay for the building of the TAPI
oil pipeline, which runs from Turkmenistan, through Afghanistan,
Pakistan and into India. This needed collaboration between many
different countries.

Credit: Wikimedia Commons - DQttwo - TAPI EIA

20
Trade alliances make imports and exports within member countries
cheaper

Option 1 Option 2
True False

✔
21
Over 3000 TNCs operate in India

Option 1 Option 2
True False

✔
22
India is an important member of the...

Option 1 Option 2

✔
EU UN

Option
Option33 Option
Option44
NAFTA ASEAN

23
Pause the video to complete your task
Main task:

1. Using an example of a LIC/ NEE you have Success criteria:

studied, explain how the country’s political
1. Identify a political or
and trading relationships with the wider
trading relationship India
world have changed. (6 marks) has.
2. Give one way this
relationship has changed.
3. Explain one impact this
change has had.
Did you get?
1. Using an example of a LIC/ NEE you have studied, explain how the country’s
political and trading relationships with the wider world have changed.

India has become increasingly important politically as shown by it’s membership of

the United Nations (1). This membership means that India has more influence on
decisions made by the UN (1) and, due to this, can have an impact on how other
countries act on a regional and global scale (1).

25
Did you get?

India has also seen its trading relationships change as its manufacturing has
increased, becoming an important trading partner of countries like the USA (1). As a
result, India manufactures and exports huge volumes of goods for the USA market
(1) and, consequently, India earns billions of dollars in revenue that is used to
develop the country (1).

26
Geography

India’s changing relationships with the wider

world

Mr Foster