December - Session 3

Exam Revision (cont.)

Unit 5: Global Warming - Vocabulary Check
Grammar: Present participles
The present participle is used in the continuous tenses or as an adjective
describing an action that is currently taking place.

The bird (which is) singing outside my window.

The singing bird is outside my window.

For most verbs, you form the present participle by adding –ing to the end.

Participle clauses do not have a specific tense. The tense is indicated by the verb
in the main clause. The present participle always uses the same -ing form in the
present continuous, past continuous, and future continuous tenses.
Grammar: Present participles
Here are some common ways we use present participle clauses. Note that
present participles have a similar meaning to active verbs.

• To give the result of an action: The bomb exploded, destroying the building.
• To give the reason for an action: Knowing she loved reading, Richard bought
her a book.
• To talk about two actions that happened at the same time: Standing in the
queue, I realised I didn't have any money.
• To add information about the subject of the main clause: Starting in the new
year, the new policy bans cars in the city centre.
Grammar: Past participles
The past participle is used in the perfect tenses or as an adjective describing an
action that has already been completed. It’s also a key component in using the
passive voice.
• I have completed my paper already. --> I turned in my completed paper.

For regular verbs, the past participle is the same as the simple past tense. That
means you simply add -ed to the end. The hardest part about past participles is
irregular verbs. Many irregular verbs have unique past participles that don’t
follow the normal rules. Unfortunately, you just have to memorize each irregular
verb and its special past participle.
• be - was/ were/ - been; go - went - gone
Grammar: Past participles
Here are some common ways that we use past participle clauses. Note that past
participles normally have a passive meaning.

• With a similar meaning to an if condition: Used in this way, participles can

make your writing more concise. (If you use participles in this way, … )
• To give the reason for an action: Worried by the news, she called the hospital.
• To add information about the subject of the main clause: Filled with pride, he
walked towards the stage.
Grammar
Grammar
Phonics & Stress
Phonics & Stress
Thank you!
Don't forget to do
your homework~

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and

includes icons by Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and
content by Sandra Medina

Please keep this slide for attribution