CONGESTI

VE HEART
FAILURE
 01
ABOUT THE
DISEASE
 INTRODUCTION
Condition involving an inability of the heart to pump
blood effectively, leading to fluid build up in the lungs
and other tissues.
 Left-Sided vs. Right-Sided Heart
Failure
Left-sided
heart failure
Left-sided CHF is the most
common form of CHF and
begins when the left ventricle
cannot effectively pump blood
throughout the body.
Eventually, this can lead to
fluid retention, particularly
around the lungs. Common
symptoms include swelling,
trouble breathing, and
coughing.
Right-sided
heart failure
Right-sided CHF develops
when the right ventricle
struggles to deliver blood to
the lungs. As blood backs up
into the blood vessels, the
body begins to retain fluid in
the abdomen and lower body.
Aside from this swelling,
patients may also experience
shortness of breath among
their symptoms.
 SYMPTOMS OF CHF

Shortness of breath A dry, hacking cough.

Loss of appetite or upset
Chest Pain stomach (nausea).
Weight Gain A full (bloated) or hard stomach.

Swelling in your ankles, Need to urinate while resting at night.

legs and abdomen.
Fatigue when your active.
Heart Palpitation
 CAUSES OF HEART DISEASE

Coronary artery disease and/or heart attack.

Cardiomyopathy (genetic or viral).
Heart issues present at birth (congenital heart disease).
Diabetes.
High blood pressure (hypertension).
Arrhythmia.
Kidney disease.
● A body mass index (BMI) higher than 30.
● Tobacco and recreational drug use.
● Alcohol use.
● Medications such as cancer drugs (chemotherapy).
 RISK FACTORS

AGE GENETICS LIFESTYLE

Having a family history Inactive (sedentary)
Older than 65
of CHF lifestyle

HEALTH SMOKING
CONDITION AND
High blood pressure,
CAD, Heart attack ALCOHOL
 DISEASE STAGES

STAGE 1 STAGE 2 STAGE 3 STAGE 4

Stage I is considered “pre- The second stage of Stage III marks the Stage IV is the most
heart failure.” congestive heart failure beginning of advanced heart advanced stage of heart
carries some noticeable failure. failure.
symptoms.
 NUTRITION THERAPY
Sodium. About 1.0 to 2.4 g sodium is recommended in complicated cases. However,
providing 4-6 g sodium may be satisfactory to less severe cases.

Energy. Restrict calorie intake to reduce weight if the patient is obese or overweight
and maintain desirable body weight. In severe failure with hypermetabolism, increase
calories by 30-50% above basal energy requirements. Calories should be distributed
throughout the day in 5-6 small meals.
Protein. May be increased from 1.1-1.5 g/kg body weight if malnutrition is present.
Fluids and Beverages. This may not be needed if the patient is compliant with sodium
restriction. Generally 1-2 liters of fluids is indicated for individuals with severe heart
failure. Reduce or eliminate alcohol intake. Caffeine should be limited.
Vitamins and Minerals. Drug-nutrient interaction primarily associated with diuretics
cause loss of nutrients, which may require supplementation, especially of potassium,
magnesium, zinc, folic acid and vitamin B6. If only potassium losing diuretics are used,
a high potassium diet may be necessary. Ensure that intakes of vitamins E, thiamin,
pyridoxine, cobalamin, folic acid and riboflavin are adequate.
THANK
S!