Done by: ABHISHEK MALHOTRA BASUDEO KUMHAR MITHILESH CHOUDHARY PRADEEP TURI Guided by: Mr.

Arindam Paul

3G stands for Third Generation. Depending on the Technology and advancements, cellular networks are named by Generations. Today its era of 3G networks. 3G Network has capability of providing Voice & Text service along with high speed data transmission such as High Speed Internet, Online Gaming & Video Calling. In order to avail benefits of the advanced 3G networks, we need to have a 3G phone. 3G phone is a Quadruple Band with WCDMA support. 3G uses GSM & CDMA technologies combined to obtain both voice & data transmission at same time. 3G phones also usually have Wi-Fi or WLAN which allows us to connect to available WiFi hotspot. 3G Phones allow us to organize our life and connect with ease. It feels good when you have face to face communication with help of a 3G Phone. They improve productivity & creativity of one. Nokia 6233 was the first 3G Phone in India. Later Nokia N95 ranked Top Selling award in 3G phones. 3G Phones also combine exciting feature like High Resolution Camera, Large Screen, Optional Touch Interface, Global Positioning System (GPS) and many more. Vendors like Sony Ericsson, Samsung & Motorola have also launched many of the 3G Phones during last few years. 3G technology is still available in limited parts of world. It is spreading day by day and increasing popularity of 3G Handset. 3G Phones will eventually become everyones need in upcoming few years as all networks around globe would become 3G enabled.

The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan branded FOMA, in May 2001 on a pre-release of W-CDMA technology. The first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat limited in scope; broader availability was delayed by apparent concerns over reliability. The second network to go commercially live was by SK Telecom in South Korea on the 1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002 the second South Korean 3G network was by KT on EV-DO and thus the Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G operators. The first European pre-commercial network was at the Isle of Man by Manx Telecom, the operator then owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001 with no commercial handsets and thus no paying customers. These were both on the W-CDMA technology. The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but this network provider later shut down operations. The second 3G network operator in the USA was Verizon Wireless in October 2003 also on CDMA2000 1x EVDO. AT&T Mobility is also a true 3G network, having completed its upgrade of the 3G network to HSUPA.

By June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected. Out of 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where 3G was launched first Japan and South Korea 3G penetration is over 70%.

EVDO stands for Evolution Data Optimized EVDO is a 3G mobile broadband technology EVDO Rev-A is the current version of EVDO available from Sprint and Verizon. EVDO Rev-0 was the original technology. Rev-A is faster than Rev-0. EVDO works similarly to the way your cell phone operates in that it relies on signal from a wireless tower rather than a physical connection like a phone line or cable. An EVDO modem (often referred to as an "air-card") receives the signal and allows one to connect to the internet - it's as simple as that! EVDO modems come in several formats: USB dongle, Express Card, PCMCIA card, or all-in-one hotspot and one can use them either directly in their computer or in a 3G router.

EVDO Rev A has a peak data rate of 3,000 kbits/s, but realistic speeds average around 600 kbits/s-1.4 Mbits/s Download with bursts to 2.0 Mbits/s and 500 Kbits/s-800 Kbits/s Upload with bursts to 1.8 Mbits/s.

Spread Spectrum method(High-quality, high-efficiency transmission)

W-CDMA spreads signals over a frequency range several hundred times broader than a conventional system, and allocates single time slots to each user. Since this method allows all users to share the broad bandwidth, splitting the bandwidth becomes unnecessary and transmission efficiency is vastly improved. In addition, spread spectrum is highly resistant to disturbance and noise, and the use of a common frequency in all cells minimizes jamming and interference. The need for frequency-switching when a user moves from one station's coverage to another is eliminated to make high-quality communications possible.

Multirate Transmission Method(Efficient, high-speed processing of various data types)

Critical to the success of FOMA is W-CDMA's ability to handle the system's massive data content. This is achieved through the use of multirate transmission that automatically selects the optimal transmission speed and route according to data type and size, to assure high-speed high-quality handling of content including voice, still images and video.

Third generation mobile communications systems have several names such as 3G, UMTS and WCDMA assure us that they will heighten mobile communications to better speed limits. 3G technology is an improvement upon 2G systems in two ways. The first being a step towards packet switching from circuit switching. Packet switching tends to use the communication system more effectively, consequently boosting the capacity of the system. Packet switching also permits users to always be online. This means elimination in the need for users to dial-up.

High Security as compared to its predecessor 2G,2.5G.

Improved Data Speed ranging from 300 2,000 kbits/s.

Reasonable Data Rates close to 2G. Provides ease of use to anyone who wants to have a video chat with someone on the other side of the Globe. All one needs is a 3G enabled phone freeing one from the hassles of the conventional wires and cables(also modems). Where 3G connection wont be available it will automatically switch over to 2G connection.

Conversion of 3G from 2G is going to be a huge problem because there is a huge population all around the world that still prefers 2G over 3G. Most of the services offered by 3G go unnoticed by the common mass as they have no use for it. 3G has not yet spread to the remote parts of the world where 2G already has. The diagram on the right shows the Accessibility features of 3G Handsets available and the percentage of the available features used by the Handset owners.

From what one can see in this chart one can clearly make out that the future of 3G is bright not only on India but all over the world. In fact, successors of 3G namely 3.5G and 4G have already started to lay their foundations. All one can do is to make the most of this wonderful technology which will rock the world of technology in due course.