GOOD MORNING!!!

5-Minute Reading Activity

“Democracy is the road to

socialism.”
—Karl Marx
 ACTIVITY (FIX ME!)
Directions : Arranged the following jumbled
words that are connected to our topic for today.
1. An economic system where the community
collectively owns and controls the means of
production, aiming for a more equitable
distribution of resources and wealth among
members of society.

Scialiosm Socialism
 ACTIVITY (FIX ME!)
Directions : Arranged the following jumbled
words that are connected to our topic for today.
2.The conflict between different social classes,
particularly between the working class and the
capitalist class, as they compete for control over
resources, power, and economic opportunities.
Cslas Sletrugg
Class Struggle
 ACTIVITY (FIX ME!)
3.An economic system characterized by private
ownership of the means of production, where
individuals and businesses operate for profit and
compete in the market, with limited government
intervention.

Cmapitalis
Capitalism
 ACTIVITY (FIX ME!)
4.A philosophical framework developed by Marx
and Engels that applies dialectics (the
examination of opposing ideas) to understand
the development of society, emphasizing the role
of material conditions and class struggle in
driving historical change.
Dalialectic mialisaterm
Dialectical materialism
 ACTIVITY (FIX ME!)
5. The social class of wage workers who do not
own the means of production, usually referring
to industrial workers, who sell their labor in
exchange for wages.

Pretariatol
Proletariat
Most Essential Learning Competency
MELCS: Writing a close analysis and critical
interpretation of literary texts, applying a
reading approach, and doing an adaptation of
these, require from the learner the ability to
identify: representative texts and authors from
Asia, North America, Europe, Latin America, and
Africa
 Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able
to:
1. Understand the history and development of
Marxism approach.
2. Identify the steps on how to apply Marxism
approach in analyzing a text.
3.Analyze a literary text using Marxism approach.
 MARXISM APPROACH
 Marxist approach relates literary text to the
society, to the history and cultural and political
systems in which it is created.
 It does not consider a literary text, devoid of
its writer and the influences on the writer.
  A writer is a product of his own age which is
itself a product of many ages.
 MARXISM APPROACH
 The Marxian approach emphasizes collectivities
such as social classes, the whole society and
economy, the structures that compose these, and the
dynamic factors associated with these structures.
 The viewpoint of Marxists toward literary works is
that they are not "works created according to a
perpetual artistic standard, but as "consequences" of
economic and ideological factors that are specific to
that time period".
The common aspects looked into when
using Marxist criticism are as follows:
 Social class as represented in the
work
 Social class of the writer /creator
 Social class of the characters
 Conflicts and interactions between
economic classes
 Purpose of Marxism Approach

 Marxist criticism attempts to show

the relationship between literature
and the social mainly economic
conditions under which it was
produced.
 History of Marxism Approach
 Marxism was first publicly formulated in
1848 in the pamphlet The Communist
Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels,
which lays out the theory of class struggle and
revolution.
 Generally, Marxism argues that capitalism as
a form of economic and social reproduction is
inherently flawed and will ultimately fail.
 How to Approach a Text in a Marxist
Approach
Step 1. A good place to start analyzing a text
begins with the protagonist. Ask yourself
questions like:
1.What is the protagonist’s social class based on wealth? (upper,
middle, lower)
2.What is the social class of the author?
3.What social class does the author seem to represent or
empathize with?
4.Now that you’re done accessing the protagonist, move on
forward to examining the other characters.
 How to Approach a Text in a Marxist
Approach
Step 2: It is important to study the
characters using an interactionist
approach. How do the different social classes
interact or conflict? Assess each character’s
occupations because it provides the best clue in
determining their place in the “class system”.
 How to Approach a Text in a Marxist
Approach
Step 3: Determine if there is an issue such
as a class conflict.
1.Who owns the means for production (the
bourgeoisie)?
2.Who are the workers (proletariats)?
3.Who benefits from the production and who
suffers?
 How to Approach a Text in a Marxist
Approach

Step 4: Examine how

each character uses his or
her free time in the text.
 How to use Marxism in Analyzing
Literary text?
INTRODUCTION
• Basic details about the story,
such as its title, background of
the story, author, and author’s
background
 How to use Marxism in Analyzing
Literary text?
PLOT SUMMARY/ DESCRIPTION
• Gist of the plot
• Simple description of the story
 How to use Marxism in Analyzing
Literary text?
BODY
 Major findings, claims, ideas, or messages
 You may address the following questions:
 Whom does it benefit if the work or effort is
 accepted/successful/believed, etc.?
 What is the social class of the author?
 Which class does the work claim to represent?
 How to use Marxism in Analyzing
Literary text?
BODY
 What values does it reinforce?
 What conflict can be seen between the values the work champions and
those it portrays?
 What social classes do the characters represent?
 How do characters from different classes interact or conflict?
 What aspects of the work make you think that it is a success or failure
 Were there unanswered questions or plot lines? If yes, how did they affect
the story?
 Does the work remind you of other things you have experienced, watched
or read before?
 How to use Marxism in Analyzing
Literary text?
CONCLUSION/ EVALUATION
 Overall impression of the work
 Scholarly or literary value of the reading text
 Reinforcement of main assessment
 Comparison to a similar work
 Recommendation of the story ( if you like it)
 ACTIVITY 1. (MY STATUS!)
Directions: Choose one of your favorite literary
author and by following the steps given from our
discussion choose 1 of his or her own literary
work and write a written close analysis using
Marxism approach.
 ACTIVITY 2. (TRY IT ! )
Directions: Answer the following ask in the
question.
1.DefineMarxism approach on your own words.
5pts.
2.What is the purpose of Marxism Approach? 2pts
3.Enumerate the four steps on how to approach
Marxism approach 4pts.
4. Enumerate the four parts on how to use
Marxism approach in analyzing a text. 4pts.
 ASSIGNMENT

Directions: Re read the

story of The Necklace
by Guy de Maupassant.
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!!