AXIOLOGY

JASH DHAROD
BA-LLB
 AXIOLOGY
• from Greek axios, “worthy”; logos, “science”), also called Theory Of
Value, the philosophical study of goodness, or value, in the widest sense
of these terms.
• centers upon the nature of different types of value. -include aesthetics,
which investigates the nature of such things as beauty and art; social
philosophy and political philosophy; and, most prominently, ethics, which
investigates both the nature of right and wrong and the nature of good and
evil, sorrow and joy.
 AXIOLOGY
• Axiology is an objective format for measuring intangible attitudes and
values.
• Measures the level of development and the types of one’s perceptual
biases in one’s thinking.
• The development of the science makes possible the objective
measurement of value as accurately as a thermometer measures heat.
 Axiology and education
• Axiology addresses our thinking about what teacher-student interactions
should be and how teachers should behave toward students. As it is
learned, according to Abraham Maslow, axiology also addresses one of
the basic needs of human beings the s of the basic needs of human
beingsthe need for aesthetic satisfaction.
 VALUE
• Material values- refer to the values of people’s daily necessities, such as
commodities
• Spiritual Values- refer to the faculties of intellect, emotion and will or the
values of trueness, goodness and beauty
 The Four Modern western Philosophy
• The Four Modern Western Philosophies Philosophy Axiology
• Idealism -Values are absolute and eternal.
• Realism- Values are absolute and eternal based on nature’s law
• Pragmatism- Values are situational or relative
• Existentialism -Values should be freely chosen.
 Kinds of Values
• Sungsang value- is a spiritual value that satisfies the sungsang desire; it
consists of trueness, goodness, beauty and love. Trueness, beauty and
goodness are the values corresponding to the three faculties of the mind,
namely, intellect, emotion and will
• Hyungsang value- Hyungsang desire, refers to the value of daily
necessities, such as food, clothing and shelter- called material value or
commodity value. Material value is the value necessary for physical life or
the value that satisfies the desire of the physical mind.
 Area of Axiology
• Axiology studies mainly two kinds of values:
• ethics and aesthetics.
• Ethics investigates the concepts of right and good in individual and social
conduct.
• Aesthetics studies the concept of beauty and harmony
 Ethics
• Ethics also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that
involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right
and wrong conduct.
• Ethics is a complement to aesthetics in the philosophical field of
axiology.
• In philosophy, ethics studies the moral behaviour in humans and how one
should act.
 Ethics
• While virtually all people are concerned with making ethical judgements
and decisions, philosophers in particular are concerned to
• Explicate the nature of such judgements in general
• Provide criteria for determining what is ethically right or wrong
• Analyze the reasons we have for holding them to be correct.
 Type of Ethics
• Meta Ethics: It is about the theoretical meaning and reference of moral
propositions and how their truth values may be determined.
• Normative Ethics: It is about the practical means of determining a moral
course of action.
• Applied Ethics: It is about how moral outcomes can be achieved in
specific situations.
• Descriptive Ethics: It is also known as comparative ethics. It is the study
of people’s beliefs about morality.
 Two types of Ethical theory
• Consequentialist or Teleological Ethical Theory

• Motivational or Deontological Ethical Theory

 Teleological ethical theory
• This theory claims that what makes an action right or
wrong are the consequences of the action quite simply
a “right action” is one which has good consequences
and a “wrong action” has bad consequences
 Deontological ethical theory

• This theory holds an opposition to a consequentialist theory that it is not

the consequences but the motivation which prompts the agent to do an
action which makes an action right or wrong.
• On this type of ehtical theory an action motivated by the right sort of
reasons will be right no matter whether its consequences are desirable or
not, whereas an action motivated by the wrong sorts of reasons will be a
wrong action, even if its consequences might be considered desirable
 Aesthetics
• Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of art, beauty
and taste, with the creation and appreciation of beauty. It is more
scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensory- emotional values,
sometimes called judgements of sentiment and taste. More broadly,
scholars in the field define aesthetics as “ critical reflection on art, culture
and nature”
 Concept of Athestics
• Introduced into the philosophical lexicon during the eighteenth century,
the term ‘aesthetic’ has come to be used to designate among other things,
a kind of object, a kind of judgement, a kind of attitude, a kind of
experience and a kind of value
• whether artworks are necessarily aesthetic objects
• how to square the allegedly perceptual basis of aesthetic judgements with
the fact that we give reasons in support of them;
 Concept of Athestics
• how best to capture the elusive contrast between an aesthetic attitude and
a practical one
• whether to define aesthetic experience according to its phenomenological
or representational content
• how best to understand the relation between aesthetic value and aesthetic
experience.
Thank you