Guidance for investigation of antibodies to suspected high incidence and antigens and multiple antibodies.

Tested by enzyme-treated red cells and IAT, auto negative.

All red cells positive with Phenotype, including U, Lub, k, Kpb, Enzyme tests negative,
enzyme-treated red cells Vel, Inb, Dia, depending upon the IAT all positive.
and IAT. ethnic origin.

If reaction strength the Variable reactions. Test in NISS. If IAT Titre in AB serum
same, probably not a Possibly a mixture. now all negative, LISS and saline by IAT.
mixture. Possibly CR1-related. only antibody.

Screen against high-incidence If a mixture is suspected,

Test against red cells AB serum and
red cell panel and/or antibodies, test against appropriate
Lacking CR1 antigens, saline titres
as available. Include cord red cells. red cells. Possibly use
Lu(a-b-), Yt(a-), Vel-. similar, but
Use DTT- and AET-treated red cells. adsorption studies.
show “HTLA”
pattern.

Specificity determined. AB serum titre much

Confirm with + and - red cells. lower than the saline
Exclude other specificities, using titre.
adsorption studies.
Possible Ch/Rg. Test against
Results inconclusive or for confirmation? appropriate red cells and
Refer to the International Blood Group antigen negative plasma.
Reference Laboratory. Use C4-coated red cells.