THE STRUCTURE OF A RESEARCH PROJECT

By
Dr. Emmy C. Rotich

2024
 OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
 Topic Identification.  Research Hypothesis

 Identification of Variables
 Theoretical framework.
 Statement of the Problem

 Conceptual Framework
 Objectives.

 Research Questions
TOPIC IDENTIFICATION

Illustration

The Influence of Remuneration on the

Motivation of Diploma Teachers in

Private Primary Schools in Kenya

VARIABLE IDENTIFICATION

 Independent Variable
 Influence of Remuneration

 Dependent Variable
 Motivation

 Intervening Variable
 i.e. Family, Politics, Environment
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 Research problem is a terminology for a topic that has been
narrowed down and refined appropriately for research.
 It refers to what the researcher has identified as existing in
literature, theory or practice
 A condition which needs to be probed and a solution found.
A state of affairs that need to be change
 Anything that is not working well

It is a need or discrepancy that can only be solved through

collection and analysis of data

 It is the Why, What, Where and How

OBJECTIVES
 S.M.A.R.T.
i. Determine the relationship between basic salary and
motivation of Diploma teachers in private primary schools in
Kenya.

ii. To establish the effect of provision of housing on the

motivation of Diploma teachers in private primary schools in
Kenya.

iii. To find out the effect of health scheme on the motivation of

Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya

iv. To determine the effect of pension on the motivation of

Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya
 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

 What is the relationship between basic salary and

motivation of Diploma teachers in private primary
schools in Kenya.
 How does provision of housing affect motivation of
Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya.
 How does health scheme affect the motivation of
Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya
 How does pension affect the motivation of Diploma
teachers in private primary schools in Kenya
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS- NULL HYPOTHESIS
The research may state….

HO :There is no relationship between basic salary and

motivation of Diploma teachers in private primary schools
in Kenya.

HO : Provision of housing does not affect the motivation of

Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya.

HO :Health scheme does not affect the motivation of Diploma

teachers in private primary schools in Kenya

HO :Pension does not affect the motivation of Diploma

teachers in private primary schools in Kenya
 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS: ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS

The research may state….

 HA : There is a relationship between basic salary and motivation of

Diploma teachers in private primary schools in Kenya.

 HA : Provision of housing affects the motivation of Diploma teachers

in private primary schools in Kenya.

 HA : Health scheme affects the motivation of Diploma teachers in

private primary schools in Kenya

 HA : Pension affects the motivation of Diploma teachers in private

primary schools in Kenya

 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
 A theory is a set of properly argued ideas intended to explain a
phenomenon by specifying variables and the laws that relate to
the variables to each other.
 It is an examination of the existing or self formulated theories in
relation to research objectives
 Name the theories
 Indicate where it has been used
 Discuss implication of the theory to the study
 Mention weakness of the theory

Systems theory by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy – 1950s

Theory postulates schools are like any other like any other systems which
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A scheme of concepts (or variables) which the researcher will operationalize

Basic Salary
•Schedule
Progression
Plans
•Project Requirement Scope.
••Relation
Project Delays.to position
••Rate
Activities / tasks.
•PM Tools and techniques

Housing
Financial Plans Motivation
•
••Disbursement of Projects Funds.
Staff housing.
Adequacy of Project Budget.
Implementation of Projects
•• Increased
Reporting time. water
•Contractor’s
House allowances
financial capacity. •Departure time
connections.
•CBA. •Economic growth.
••Customer
Absenteeism.
satisfaction.
••Revenue
Attitude towards
Collection
Communication
Health Plans
Scheme
•Stakeholder Participation.
School
••Reports.
Institutional doctor
••Communication system.
Sick bay facility
•Channel of communication.

Intervening
Technology
Resource Planning
Pension Scheme
Lack of Project Management skills.
Variables
•Billing and Payment
Retirement
•Limited availability packages
of quality contractors. •Family
system.
•Project Portal.
Shortage of Equipments.
Contributory
•Provision retirement
of raw materials.
Politics
••Policy Framework
scheme •Environment
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN……

 Theoretical framework is descriptive

while conceptual framework is
diagrammatic
 N D
E E
TH
U !
Y O
N K
A
TH