3.

1 PERCENTS

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 Section 3.1

Percents

Percents are used to express a quantity out of 100 units and are
represented by the symbol %.

If this line represents one unit of length...

0 1

And we divide it into a hundred parts...

0 100%

Then each part represents one percent.

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 Section 3.1

Converting a Percent to a Fraction

Although in day-to-day business, the word percent is commonly used, in actual

calculations, fractions or decimal equivalents are used.

Example Convert 80% to a fraction.

Drop the %
sign.

80% = 80
100
Divide by
100.

= 4 Reduce to
the lowest

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5 terms.
 Section 3.1

Converting a Percent to a Fraction

If the percent is a decimal number: Drop the %

sign and divide
by 100.
Example Convert 22.5% to a fraction.

22.5%
22.5% = 100 Move the decimal one
place to the right and
add a zero to the

225
denominator.

=
1000 Reduce to the

= 9 lowest terms.

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40
 Section 3.1

Converting a Percent to a Fraction

Drop the % sign

If the percent is a fraction:
and convert the
fraction to a
1
Example Convert 2 2
% to a decimal. decimal.

1
2 % = 2.5 Move the decimal one

2 100
place to the right and
add a zero to the
denominator.

25
=
1000 Reduce to the

= 1 lowest terms.

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40
 Section 3.1

Converting a Percent to a Decimal

If the percent is a decimal number:

Example Convert 2.5% to a decimal.

2 .
2.5%= 100 5 Drop the %
sign.

25
= Move the
1000 decimal two
places to the

= 0.025 left.

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 Section 3.1

Converting a Decimal to a Percent

Example Convert 0.25 to a percent.

0.25 =0.25 ×100%

= 25% Move the decimal
two places to the
right by multiplying
with 100 and add a
% sign.

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 Section 3.1

Converting a Fraction to a Percent

Example Convert 5 to a percent.

8 Convert the
fraction to
5 = 0.625 decimal by
division.
8
= 0.625 × 100%
Multiply by
= 62.5% 100 and add a
% sign.

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 Section 3.1

Convert 60% to a fraction.

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 Section 3.1

Convert 44.8% to a fraction.

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 Section 3.1

Convert 12 12 % to a fraction.

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 Section 3.1

Convert 0.22 to a percent.

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 Section 3.1

Convert 9 to a percent.
12

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 Section 3.1

Janet and Santiago are studying Business Math in

different colleges. Janet scored 51 out of 60 on her
final exam, while Santiago scored 63 out of 75. Who
scored better on the exam?

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 Section 3.1

Percent Calculations

In percent calculations, there are three variables to look for:

Portion, Rate, and Base.

Base (B): Whole quantity This is the relationship

Portion (P): Portion of between the Portion, Rate,
whole quantity and Base in percent
Rate (R): Relationship problems.
between base and portion

Portion Rate Base

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 Section 3.1

Percent Calculations

100% $500 Base

Formula Method

Example What is 50% of $500?

Rate 50% $250 Portion

Portion Rate Base

0%

P = 50% × 500
P = 0.50 × 500
= 250
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 Section 3.1

Percent Calculations

Portion as a Percent of Base Method

Example What is 50% of $500? Percent Amount

50% $P
100% $500

50% P
=
100% 500
P × 100% = 50% × 500
P= 50% × 500 = 250
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100%
 Section 3.1

What is 60% of $400?

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 Section 3.1

What percent of $950 is $590?

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 Section 3.1

If 30% of a number is 150, what is the number?

a. 45
b. 105
c. 195
d. 500

0 0 0 0

a. b. c. d.

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 Section 3.1

What is 120% of 125?

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 Section 3.1

The price of Jonathan’s shares in a company grew

from $20 a share to $60 a share. What percent of $20
is $60?

a. 300%
b. 33.33%
c. 200%
d. $60 cannot be a
percent of $20
0 0 0 0

a. b. c. d.

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 Section 3.1

Jessica owns 52 13 % of a web development

company. If the company is valued at $240,000
what is the value of Jessica’s ownership?

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