Philippine History

Roots, and Culture

Aileen J. Sinang
Philippine History

Competencies

2.1 Trace the history of the Philippines from pre-

colonial to contemporary periods

2.2 Draw the implications of the historical evolution of

the Philippines to its present socio-political condition
What is HISTORY?

“The recorded struggle of people for

ever increasing freedom and for
newer and higher realization of the
human person.”
- Renato
Constantino
 HISTORY

Pre-history History
• 7,107 islands located off
Southeast Asia
• 300,000 square kilometers,
including about 298,000 square
kilometers of land and about 2,000
square kilometers of water
•stretches about 1,850 kilometers
from Y’Ami Island in the north to
Sibutu Island in the south and is
about 1,000 kilometers at its
widest point east to west.
 Natural Resources
Narra
Tamaraw
Tarsier
Pilandok
Philippine eagle
Glory of the sea
Tridacna gigas
 Water Forms
Manila Bay
Cagayan River
Rio Grande de Mindanao
Laguna de Bay
Taal Lake
 Land Forms
Central Plain of Luzon
Sierra Madre Range
Mt. Apo
Mt. Mayon
Mt. Taal
Mt. Pinatubo
 National Geological Monuments
Chocolate Hills
Taal Volcano
Montalban Caves
Sand Dunes
Hundred Islands
Pre-colonial

Colonial Philippine
History

Post-colonial
CONSTITUTION

Parts of Constitution

1. Constitution of Government
- set up the governmental structure
2. Constitution of Liberty
- guarantee individual fundamental liberties against governmental abuse
3. Constitution of Sovereignty
- outline the process whereby the sovereign people may change the
constitution.
Philippine Government
New Constitution with Human Rights

Competencies
1.1 Demonstrate understanding of the various forms of
government from the barangay to the present system

1.2 Explain the nature and provisions of the present

constitution, its advantages and disadvantages over the
others in the past and its function as fundamental law of
the state.
CONCEPT of State and Government

State – is a community of persons more or less numerous,

permanently occupying a definite portion of territory,
having a government of their own to which the great body
of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying freedom
from external control.
Elements of state
1. People
2. Territory
3. Government
4. Sovereignty
Philippine History
A. Origin of the Philippines

Land Bridge Theory

Volcanic Origin

B. The Early Filipinos

Migration Theory - Dr. Otley Beyer
Tabon Man – Robert Fox (1962)
SUNDA LAND
Pre-Colonial Period
Culture

A. House
B. Dress Mode ( Bahag, Kangan, Putong, Saya and
Patadyong, Tapis
C. Ornamentation (Pintados)
D. Social Stratification
Nobles
Freemen
Dependents ( Aliping Mamamahay , Sagigilid)
 The Government during Pre-Spanish Time

Barangaic and authocratic

Datu- Monarchial form

 Early Laws ( Trial by ordeal)

CONCEPT of State and Government

State – is a community of persons more or less numerous,

permanently occupying a definite portion of territory,
having a government of their own to which the great body
of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying freedom
from external control.
Elements of state
1. People
2. Territory
3. Government
4. Sovereignty
Inherent Powers of the State

Taxation
Taxation Police
Police

Eminent
Eminent Domain
Domain
General Rights of a state

1. Right to exist as a political sovereign State

2. The right of independence
3. The right of equality
4. The right of Property
5. The right of jurisdiction
Origin of State

1. Divine Right Theory

2. Paternalistic Theory
3. Necessity or Force Theory
4. Social Contract Theory

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

5. As to numbers exercising sovereign Power

 FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
1. As to number of persons exercising Sovereign powers
a. Monarchy
1. absolute Monarchy
2. Limited Monarchy
b. Aristocracy

c. Democracy
1. direct/pure Democracy
2. Indirect,representative, republican democracy
What is the function of government?
GOVERNMENT- An agency or instrumentality
through wich the will of the state is formulated
expressed and carried out/ realized.

National Government
Local government
Autonomous government
Metropolitan government
 function of government
A. Constituent function
1. Define and punish crimes
2. Administer justice in civil cases
3. Fix legal relations

B. Ministrant function-take charge of

the general interest of society
2. As to the extent of powers exercised by the central or
national Government

a. Unitary government
b. Federal government

3. As to relationship between the executive and the

legislative branches of the government
a. Parliamentary government
b. Presidential government
Spanish Colonization (1565-1898)

A. Factors that Lead to European Exploration

B. . Magellan’s Expedition
C. Other Expeditions
D. Political Changes
C. Economic Changes
D. Cultural Changes
 Inter Caetara

Spain Azores
Portugal
West of the East of the
demarcation line & Cape demarcation line
Verde
Isalnds
Ferdinand Magellan (1480?-1521)
Portuguese-born Spanish
explorer and navigator, leader
of the first expedition to
circumnavigate, or sail
completely around, the
world. He was born in
northern Portugal.
 Spanish Time
POPE King of Spain

Council
of Indies

Spanish National Gov

Gov. General Royal Audencia
Archbishop

Alcaldias
Bishop Alcalde Mayor
Ayuntamiento

Pueblos
Parish Priest Gobernadocillo

Barangay
Cabeza de Barangay
Revolutionary Period
A. Early Filipino Revolts
B. Propaganda Movement
C. La Liga Filipina
D. KKK
Revolutionary Period
KKK
1st Revolutionary
Govt

Biaknabato

Dictatorial

2nd Revolutionary

1st Phil. Republic

American Period (1901-1946)
A. Treaty of Paris
B. Political Changes
C. Economic Changes
D. Cultural Changes
E. Independence
Government of Philippines Under American Rule

Military Gov’t
(1898-1901)

Civil Gov’t
(1901-1902)

Commonwealth
Gov’t
(1935-1945)
Timeline:
Philippine Philippine
Bill Assembly
(1902) (1907)
Hare-Hawes- OSROX Jones Law
Cutting Law Mission (1916)
(1932) (1931)

Philippine
Tydings- Constitution
Commonwea
McDuffie al
lth
Law (1934) Convention
 Japanese Period

JapaneseMilitary
Administration

Philippine Executive
Commision

Puppet Government
 3rd Phil. Rep

Roxas (1946-1948)

Quirino( 1948-1953)

Magsaysay( 1953-57)

Garcia (1957-1961)

Macapagal (1961-1965)

Marcos (1965-1986)

Aquino (1986-1992)

Ramos (1992-98)

Estrada (1998-2001)
Arroyo(2001-2010)
Arroyo (2001-2010)
Evolution of Philippine Constitution
Maragtas code

Kalantiaw Code

Biaknabato Cons.

Malolos Cons.

Phil. Bill of 1902

Jones Law
Tydings Mc.Duffie
Law

1935 Cons.

1973 Cons.

1987 Cons.