ES 333

Fluid Mechanics
Ms. Nayab

• Lecture 2

• Spring 2024
DIMENSIONS
Problem 1.1
 Fluid types
1. Ideal fluid 𝜌=𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑡 ,𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 =0
2. Real fluid 𝜌=𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒/𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑡 ,𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 ≠ 0
3. Newtonian fluid
4. Non-Newtonian fluid
5. Incompressible fluid
𝜌 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑐h𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
6. Compressible fluid
𝜌 𝑐h𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
 Types of Fluid Flow

1. Steady or Unsteady Flows

2. Viscous or Non-viscous Fllows
3. Rotational and Irrotational
4. Uniform & Non-Uniform Flows
5. Laminar & Turbulent Flows
 Ideal Gas Law
Gases are highly compressible in comparison to liquids, with changes in gas density
directly related to changes in pressure and temperature through the equation

Absolute Pressure
The pressure in ideal gas law must be expressed as an absolute pressure which
means that it is measured relative to absolute zero pressure (a pressure that would
occur only in a prefect vacuum.

Gage Pressure
In engineering it is common practice to measure pressure relative to the local
atmospheric pressure, and when measured in this fashion it is called gage pressure.
Gage pressure can be calculated by the equation: