Faulty logic

is a kind of persuasive technique used when

making
statements with imperfect reasoning or in the
absence of sound judgment.
•6 TYPES OF
FAULTY LOGIC
 Circular reasoning
The writer (or speaker or ad) supports a claim with
restatements of that same claim. The argument goes around
and around with the reason making the same claim as the
original argument. The strategy to detect this, is by
checking if there are statements that the ending will be
almost the same or, at least, very similar to the beginning.
 EXAMPLES
Nica is a great communicator because she
delivers her speech well.
 Overgeneralization
The writer reaches conclusions froma limited
number of facts. The strategy here is look for
context clues like all, every,always, never.
 EXAMPLES
All flight attendants are tall. Nica is a flight
attendant, therefore, she is tall.
 Self-Contradiction
The writer states a position that contradicts an
earlier stated premise. Strategy to detect, look for
statement that the beginning and ending will be
opposites they will contradict each other.
 EXAMPLES
I am a hardworking student. I will do my
homework after watching Netflix.
Doing the homework after watching Netflix is
contradicting the fact that the student is
hardworking.
 False Causality
This occurs when two events happen at the same
time, and an assumption is made that one event
causes the other. Strategy, look for a cause and
effect relationship; the cause will be FALSE.
 EXAMPLES
I am singing aloud, and it rains hard. There is no
connection between the singing and the rain.
 Over-Simplification
This occurs when a single cause is assumed to have created
a problem or an issue. In reality, the problem or issue may
have been created by a number of causes. Strategy, look for
the cause mentioned in the statement. Ifmany causes have
been cut down to ONE CAUSE , it contained over
simplification.
 EXAMPLES
Typhoon Ondoy brought flood in the metro. The
flood was caused by heavy rains. Remember that
there are many factors and reasons of floods not
only the heavy rains
 Assumptions
This occurs when the writer may be proven false
or may be merelystating an opinion.
 EXAMPLES
Malnourished children were used on atelevision
commercial about milk supplement.